User:Victar/German Low German normalisation

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Short vowels

Grapheme Phoneme Example
en.Wikt Others
a /a ~ ɑ/ Backes
ä ϵ /ɛ/ Bäggekriut
e /e/, /ə/ Berre
ë /ə/
i /ɪ/ finden (/⁠fɪndən⁠/, to find)
o /ɔ/ Kopp (/⁠kɔp⁠/, head) (Mrk., LPr., Wph.)
ö /œ ~ ø/ köpps
u /ʊ ~ ʉ/ lummem
ü /ʏ ~ y/ Sünne (/⁠sʏnə⁠/, sun) (LPr., Wph. (Bnth., Wstm.))
cf. Sunne (/⁠sʊnə⁠/) (Mrk., Wph.)

Long vowels

Grapheme Phoneme Example
en.Wikt Others
aa ā /aː ~ ɒː/ Daaler
ää ǟ, ę /ɛː/ Gäte (/⁠gɛːtə⁠/)
ee ē /eː/ Fleeg (/⁠fleːɣ⁠/, fly) (LPru., Mark.)
cf. Flege (/⁠fleːɣə⁠/) (Wph.), Flaoige (/⁠flɔːɪɣə⁠/) (Wph. (EWph.)), Flaige (/⁠flaɪɣə⁠/), Floige (/⁠flɔɪɣə⁠/), Flauege (/⁠flaʊəɣə⁠/), Flieje (/⁠fliejə⁠/) (Wph. (Sauer.)), flaẹ̆ge (/⁠fl??ɣə⁠/) (Wph. (Dort.))
ie ī /iː/ Wien (/⁠viːn⁠/, wine)
oa å /ɔː/ Fraoge (/⁠frɔːɣə⁠/, question) (LPrs., Mark., Wph.)
cf. Froge (/⁠froːɣə⁠/) (Wph. (EWPh., Sauer.)), Frauge (/⁠fraʊɣə⁠/) (Wph. (EWPh.))
oo ō /oː/ Boom (/⁠broːm⁠/, tree)
öö ȫ /øː ~ œː/ Döör (/⁠døːr⁠/, door)
uu ū /uː/ Huus (/⁠huːs⁠/, house) (Mrk., LPrs., Wph.)
cf. Hius (/⁠hɪʊs⁠/) (Wph. (Sauer., EWPh.)), Höis (/⁠hœɪs⁠/), Höus (/⁠hœʊs⁠/), Hiës (/⁠hiəs⁠/), Höüs (/⁠hœʏs⁠/), Hous (/⁠hɔʊs⁠/) (Wph. (Sauer.)), Huss (/⁠hʊs⁠/) (Hagenburgerisch)
üü ǖ /yː/ Müüs (/⁠myːs⁠/, mouse)

Diphthongs

Grapheme Phoneme Example
en.Wikt Others
ai aⁱ /ai̭/ raine
aai aaj /aːɪ/ swaait
au /au̯/ Blaut
äi /ɛːɪ/ Gäite (/⁠gɛːɪtə⁠/, goat), Wäite (/⁠vɛːɪdə⁠/, pasture)
äo /ɛɔ/ Bräod (/⁠brɛɔt⁠/, bread) (Wph. (Sauer.))

cf. Brood (/⁠broːt⁠/) (Mark., Mckl., Wph. (WMun.)), Brod (/⁠brɔt⁠/) (LPru.), Braọ̆d (/⁠braʊt⁠/) (Wph. (Dort.)), Braud (/⁠braʊt⁠/) (Wph. (Lipp., Sauer.)), Breiet (/⁠breiet⁠/), Broid (/⁠brɔit⁠/), Broud (/⁠broʊt⁠/), Broed (/⁠broːet⁠/) (Wph. (Sauer.))

äu /ɛu/
ei ey /ei̯/ Beile
oi eu /ɔi̯/ Boime
ou /oʊ/ Wounde (/⁠voʊndə⁠/, wound) (Wph. (Bnth.))

cf. Wunne (/⁠vʊnə⁠/) (Wph.), Wunde (/⁠vʊndə⁠/) (Mckl., Wph. (Sauer.)), Wunge (/⁠vʊnɣə⁠/) (Wph. (Sauer.))
Frou (/⁠froʊ⁠/, woman) (Wph. (WMun.))
cf. Frau (/⁠Frau⁠/) (Wph. (Bnth., Sauer.)), Frue (/⁠frʊə⁠/) (), Fruu (/⁠fruː⁠/) (Mrk.), Früwwe (/⁠frʏvə⁠/) (Wph. (Rav.)), Frugge (/⁠frʊɣə⁠/), Frogge (/⁠frɔɣə⁠/), Fraue (/⁠fraʊə⁠/) (Wph. (Sauer.)), Fraọ̆ (/⁠fraɔ⁠/) (Wph. (SWPh.))<

öi /œi̯ ~ øi̯/ stöind
öu /œʊ/
öü /œʏ ~ øʏ/
iu /iu/
ui /ui/ Fuistling
/i̯ɛ ~ i̯æ/ Piärd (/⁠pɪɛɐt⁠/, horse) (Mckl., Wph. (Bnth., EWPh., Sauer.))

cf. Peerd (/⁠peːɐt⁠/) (LPrs., Mckl., Wph.), Pärd (/⁠pɛɐt⁠/) (Mrk., Wph. (EWPh.)), Päärd (/⁠pɛːɐt⁠/), (Wph. (WMun.))

je ⁱę, ię, ĭɛ /i̯e/
īe, ⁱe, ie /iə/ Siëge (/⁠siəɣə⁠/, goat) (Mckl., Wph. (Bnth., EWPh., Sauer.))

cf. Zäge (/⁠zɛːɣə⁠/) (LPrs., Mckl., Wph.), Zege (/⁠zeːɣə⁠/) (Wph. (EWPh., WMun.)), Siëje (/⁠siːəjə⁠/) (Wph. (Lipp.)), Seje (/⁠seːjə⁠/), (Wph. (Sauer.)), Sege (/⁠seːɣə⁠/) (Wph. (Bnth.))

ua ᵘą, uą, ŭɒ /u̯a/ Buast (/⁠bu̯ast⁠/, chest)
ue /u̯e/ bueseln
uo uó̜ /u̯o/ duorp (/⁠du̯orp⁠/, village)
üe y̯e /ʏ̯e ~ y̯e/ Büen
üö üö̜, üö̜, yǿ̜ /ʏ̯œ ~ y̯œ ~ ʏ̯ø ~ y̯ø/ düör

References