User:Victar/Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian/amarnā

This entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Iranian

Etymology

Possibly cognate with Sanskrit आम्र (āmrá, “mango”), perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eh₃mós (“bitter, sour”)

Noun

*amarnā

apple

Alternative reconstructions

*amr̥nā
*marnā

Derived terms

*marnyaH
- Proto-Sanglechi-Ishkashimi:
  - Ishkashimi: (mēnd), (mīnd), (mēn)
  - Sanglechi: (miē̃ṛ), (mē̃ḷ)
- Yidgha: (minbax̌t, “dried apple-flour”)
*mr̥náči
- Ormuri: (mlič, mliž) (Logar), (milīts, milīž) (Kaniguram)
- Pashto: مړمزک (maṛmëzak, “marmazak, type of sweet apple”)

Descendants

Northeastern Iranian:
- Wakhi: mыr, (məṇū)
- Sogdian: 𐼰𐼺𐼰𐼻𐼸 (ʾmʾnk /⁠āmang⁠/)
- Yagnobi: ман (man)
Southeastern Iranian:
- Parachi: (åmaṛ)
- Proto-Pathan:
  - Pashto: مڼه (maṇa)
  - Waneci: (mānṛa)
- Proto-Shughni-Yazghulami-Munji: *æmūṇæ
  - Proto-Munji-Yidgha: *amuṇa
    - Munji: (āmeńǵa)
    - Yidgha: (åmuṇo)
  - Proto-Shughni-Yazghulami: *mǣwn
    - Proto-Shughni-Roshani: *mǣwn
      - Sarikoli: mon
      - Shughni: мӯн (mūn), му̊н (mū̊n) (Bajui), (mōwn) (Bartangi), (māwn) (Khufi, Oroshori, Rushani)
    - Vanji: mayn
    - Yazghulami: мав̌н (mawn)

References

^ Mallory, J. P. with Adams, D. Q. (2006) “158”, in The Oxford Introduction to Proto-Indo-European and the Proto-Indo-European World (Oxford Linguistics), New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page *amarna-
^ Sadovski, Velizar (2017–2018) “Chapter VI: Iranian”, in Klein, Jared S., Joseph, Brian D., Fritz, Matthias, editors, Handbook of Comparative and Historical Indo-European Linguistics: An International Handbook (Handbücher zur Sprach- und Kommunikationswissenschaft ; 41.2), Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter Mouton, →ISBN, § The lexicon of Iranian, page 573: “*amarnā-”
^ Morgenstierne, Georg (2003) “maṇ'a”, in Elfenbein, J., MacKenzie, D. N., Sims-Williams, Nicholas, editors, A New Etymological Vocabulary of Pashto (Beitrage Zur Iranistik; 23), Weisbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert, →ISBN, page 27: “*amarnā-”
↑ ^4.0 ^4.1
^{The template Template:R:wbl:ESVJa does not use the parameter(s): 2=241
3=*(a)marna-
Please see Module:checkparams for help with this warning.}Steblin-Kamenskij, I.M. (1999) “mыr”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ vaxanskovo jazyka (in Russian), Saint Petersburg: Peterburgskoje Vostokovedenije, →ISBN
↑ ^5.0 ^5.1 Morgenstierne, Georg (1938) Iranian Pamir Languages (Yidgha-Munji, Sanglechi-Ishkashmi and Wakhi) (Indo-Iranian Frontier Languages), volume II, Oslo: H. Aschehoug & Co., page XVII: “*am(a)rnā apple > *amuṇā”
^ Morgenstierne, Georg (1927) “maṇa”, in An Etymological Vocabulary of Pashto (Skrifter utgitt av det Norske Videnskapsakademi i Oslo; 3), Oslo: J. Dybwad, page 45: “*marnā-”
^ Edelman, D. I. (1980) History of the consonant systems of the North-Pamir Languages, in Indo-Iranian Journal, page 309: *marnā-
^ Morgenstierne, Georg (1938) Iranian Pamir Languages (Yidgha-Munji, Sanglechi-Ishkashmi and Wakhi) (Indo-Iranian Frontier Languages), volume II, Oslo: H. Aschehoug & Co., page 320: “*marnyā̆-”
^ Efimov, Valentin Aleksandrovič (2011) The Ormuri Language in Past and Present (FLI Language and Culture Series)‎, volume 6, Islamabad: Forum for Language Initiatives, page 290: “Ir. *mr̥náči”

[1] Mallory, J. P. with Adams, D. Q. (2006) “158”, in The Oxford Introduction to Proto-Indo-European and the Proto-Indo-European World (Oxford Linguistics), New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page *amarna-

[2] Sadovski, Velizar (2017–2018) “Chapter VI: Iranian”, in Klein, Jared S., Joseph, Brian D., Fritz, Matthias, editors, Handbook of Comparative and Historical Indo-European Linguistics: An International Handbook (Handbücher zur Sprach- und Kommunikationswissenschaft ; 41.2), Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter Mouton, →ISBN, § The lexicon of Iranian, page 573: “*amarnā-”

[3] Morgenstierne, Georg (2003) “maṇ'a”, in Elfenbein, J., MacKenzie, D. N., Sims-Williams, Nicholas, editors, A New Etymological Vocabulary of Pashto (Beitrage Zur Iranistik; 23), Weisbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert, →ISBN, page 27: “*amarnā-”

[ESVJa-4] 4.0 ^4.1 ^{The template Template:R:wbl:ESVJa does not use the parameter(s): 2=241
3=*(a)marna-
Please see Module:checkparams for help with this warning.}Steblin-Kamenskij, I.M. (1999) “mыr”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ vaxanskovo jazyka (in Russian), Saint Petersburg: Peterburgskoje Vostokovedenije, →ISBN

[Morgenstierne-5] 5.0 ^5.1 Morgenstierne, Georg (1938) Iranian Pamir Languages (Yidgha-Munji, Sanglechi-Ishkashmi and Wakhi) (Indo-Iranian Frontier Languages), volume II, Oslo: H. Aschehoug & Co., page XVII: “*am(a)rnā apple > *amuṇā”

[6] Morgenstierne, Georg (1927) “maṇa”, in An Etymological Vocabulary of Pashto (Skrifter utgitt av det Norske Videnskapsakademi i Oslo; 3), Oslo: J. Dybwad, page 45: “*marnā-”

[7] Edelman, D. I. (1980) History of the consonant systems of the North-Pamir Languages, in Indo-Iranian Journal, page 309: *marnā-

[8] Morgenstierne, Georg (1938) Iranian Pamir Languages (Yidgha-Munji, Sanglechi-Ishkashmi and Wakhi) (Indo-Iranian Frontier Languages), volume II, Oslo: H. Aschehoug & Co., page 320: “*marnyā̆-”

[9] Efimov, Valentin Aleksandrovič (2011) The Ormuri Language in Past and Present (FLI Language and Culture Series)‎, volume 6, Islamabad: Forum for Language Initiatives, page 290: “Ir. *mr̥náči”