User:Victar/Reflexes/Proto-Nuristani

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Reflexes of Proto-Nuristani

Consonants

PII pre-Nur. PNur. NNur. Km. Pras. SNur. Ash. Treg. Wg. Examples
PII pre-Nur. PNur. Km. Pras. Ash. Treg. Wg.
Km. Kt. Mr. Kg. Nš. Km. Kt. Mr. Ṣupū Säiċi Usüt Kg. Nš.
*bʰ *b b *b b *bʰúHmiš (earth) *bū́mi *bū́m büm büm
/tś/ *c /ts/ c /ts/ *c /ts/ s š *dáća (ten) *dác duc läzë dos dōš
*d *d d l *d d *dwáH (two) *dwā́ > *dwá *dú diu , du , du,
*dʰ *d > δ *Hráwdʰitah (blood) *lṓdit > *lṓδid *lṓi lui leu, lūi ləu, lou lūi läi
*ȷ́ /dź/ *j /dz/ j /dz/ z *j /dz/ z z *ȷ́ā́nu (knee) *jā́n *ją̄́ zā̃ zā̃
*ȷ́ʰ /dźʰ/ *j /dz/ j /dz/ z *j /dz/ ž j z *ȷ́ʰimás (snow) *jím jim zím zímā žím jím zim
*n *◌̃ ◌̃ *◌̃ ◌̃ *Hdánts (tooth) *dą́t dut dut dõt dū̃t dō̃t
*p v v /β/ *Hā́ps (water) *ā́β ō ōu āv āu āv, āu
*w v v /β/ *wartas (stone) *warṭ > *waṛṭ *wā́ṭ woṭ wōṭ, woṭ wāṭ wāṭ, waṭ wāṭ, waṭ
*m *m *m v *múHsakah (mouse) *mū́sak *mū́sa musa masa mǖsu mǖsū müsu pusä pusa

Consonant clusters

PII pre-Nur. PNur. NNur. Kam. Pras. SNur. Ash. Treg. Waig. Examples
PII pre-Nur. PNur. Kam. Pras. Ash. Treg. Waig.
Kam. Kat. Mur. Kam. Kat. Mur.
*st *sṭ *ṭ č *ṭ *HástʰH (bone) *ásti > *ásṭi *áṭi aṭi aṭī ičī aṭī aṭī âṭī
Notes

Orthography

IPA Wiktionary Morgenstierne 1925 Grünberg 1980 Blažek/Hegedűs 2010 Strand 2011 Example
ɨ ə ə a Pras. kəs (, who)
ɐ ə ə a Waig. skə (, that)
ə ə ə ə a Kam. zəŕə (, yellow)
e ə̣ a Kam. drigə̣ŕ (, long)
i i i i, a
a a a a â Ash. aṭī (, bone)
ʊ o
o o
å o Kat. kṭå (, knife)
u ~ ʉ u u u Ash. du (, two)
ʌ ʌ â Ash. câm (, skin)
ʏ ~ y ü ü ü Kat. (, two)
e e
ɛ̠ e
æ ä ä ä
øː ø̄ ö Waig. gröṣ (, male goat)
ɒ å
ɔː ọ̄ ɔː å Treg. aridọ̄ (, yellow)

References