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Akkadian
Etymology
Unknown. Huehnergard explains it as a derivation from Proto-Semitic *bV- (“in”) and Proto-Semitic *šuʔa (“it”), comparing it to colloquial Arabic فيه (fī, “there is/are”, literally “in it”) and Ge'ez ቦ (bo, “there is/are”, literally “in it”).
Pronunciation
Verb
bašûm (G, a-u, durative ibašši, perfect ibtaši, preterite ibši, imperative biši) (from Old Akkadian on)
- to exist, to be there, present, available
𒄿𒈾 𒅗𒀊𒊑𒅎 𒁀𒊒𒌝 𒌑𒌌 𒄿𒁀𒀸𒅆- i-na ka-ap-ri-im ba-ru-um u₂-ul i-ba-aš-ši
- /ina kaprim bārûm ul ibašši/
- There is no diviner in the village.
- to happen
Conjugation
| Conjugation
|
| Infinitive
|
bašûm
|
| Participle
|
bāšûm
|
| Adjective
|
bašûm
|
| Active
|
Durative
|
Perfect
|
Preterite
|
Imperative
|
| 1.sg
|
abašši
|
abtaši
|
abši
|
lubši
|
| 2.sg
|
m
|
tabašši
|
tabtaši
|
tabši
|
biši
|
| f
|
tabaššî
|
tabtašî
|
tabšî
|
bišî
|
| 3.sg
|
ibašši
|
ibtaši
|
ibši
|
libši
|
| 1.pl
|
nibašši
|
nibtaši
|
nibši
|
i nibši
|
| 2.pl
|
tabaššiā
|
tabtašiā
|
tabšiā
|
bišiā
|
| 3.pl
|
m
|
ibaššû
|
ibtašû
|
ibšû
|
libšû
|
| f
|
ibaššiā
|
ibtašiā
|
ibšiā
|
libšiā
|
| This table gives Old Babylonian inflection. For conjugation in other dialects, see Appendix:Akkadian dialectal conjugation.
|
Cuneiform spellings
| Logograms
|
Phonetic
|
|
|
- 𒁀𒋗𒌑 (ba-šu-u₂)
- 𒁀𒋗𒌋 (ba-šu-u)
- 𒄿𒁀𒀾𒅆 (i-ba-aš₂-ši) (3rd singular durative)
- 𒄿𒁀𒀸𒅆 (i-ba-aš-ši) (3rd singular durative)
- 𒄿𒁀𒅆 (i-ba-ši) (3rd singular durative)
- 𒄿𒁀𒋛 (i-ba-ši₂) (3rd singular durative)
|
References
- The Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago (CAD), Chicago: University of Chicago Oriental Institute, 1956–2011
- Black, Jeremy, George, Andrew, Postgate, Nicholas (2000) A Concise Dictionary of Akkadian, 2nd corrected edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz Verlag
- Huehnergard, John (2011) A Grammar of Akkadian (Harvard Semitic Studies; 45), 3rd edition, Winona Lake, IN: Eisenbrauns, page 606