hluba

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Xhosa

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Verb

-hluba

  1. (transitive) to peel
    Synonyms: -chuba, -kela

Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Zulu

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Verb

-hluba

  1. (transitive) to peel, to strip, to bark
  2. (transitive) to deprive of
  3. (intransitive) to moult, to shed
  4. (intransitive) to clear up, to become clear

Inflection

Tone L
Infinitive ukuhluba
Positive Negative
Infinitive ukuhluba ukungahlubi
Imperative
Simple + object concord
Singular hluba -hlube
Plural hlubani -hlubeni
Present
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngiyahluba, ngihluba engihlubayo, engihluba ngihluba angihlubi engingahlubi ngingahlubi
2nd singular uyahluba, uhluba ohlubayo, ohluba uhluba awuhlubi ongahlubi ungahlubi
1st plural siyahluba, sihluba esihlubayo, esihluba sihluba asihlubi esingahlubi singahlubi
2nd plural niyahluba, nihluba enihlubayo, enihluba nihluba anihlubi eningahlubi ningahlubi
Class 1 uyahluba, uhluba ohlubayo, ohluba ehluba akahlubi ongahlubi engahlubi
Class 2 bayahluba, bahluba abahlubayo, abahluba behluba abahlubi abangahlubi bengahlubi
Class 3 uyahluba, uhluba ohlubayo, ohluba uhluba awuhlubi ongahlubi ungahlubi
Class 4 iyahluba, ihluba ehlubayo, ehluba ihluba ayihlubi engahlubi ingahlubi
Class 5 liyahluba, lihluba elihlubayo, elihluba lihluba alihlubi elingahlubi lingahlubi
Class 6 ayahluba, ahluba ahlubayo, ahluba ehluba awahlubi angahlubi engahlubi
Class 7 siyahluba, sihluba esihlubayo, esihluba sihluba asihlubi esingahlubi singahlubi
Class 8 ziyahluba, zihluba ezihlubayo, ezihluba zihluba azihlubi ezingahlubi zingahlubi
Class 9 iyahluba, ihluba ehlubayo, ehluba ihluba ayihlubi engahlubi ingahlubi
Class 10 ziyahluba, zihluba ezihlubayo, ezihluba zihluba azihlubi ezingahlubi zingahlubi
Class 11 luyahluba, luhluba oluhlubayo, oluhluba luhluba aluhlubi olungahlubi lungahlubi
Class 14 buyahluba, buhluba obuhlubayo, obuhluba buhluba abuhlubi obungahlubi bungahlubi
Class 15 kuyahluba, kuhluba okuhlubayo, okuhluba kuhluba akuhlubi okungahlubi kungahlubi
Class 17 kuyahluba, kuhluba okuhlubayo, okuhluba kuhluba akuhlubi okungahlubi kungahlubi
Recent past
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngihlubile, ngihlubē engihlubile, engihlubē ngihlubile, ngihlubē angihlubanga engingahlubanga ngingahlubanga
2nd singular uhlubile, uhlubē ohlubile, ohlubē uhlubile, uhlubē awuhlubanga ongahlubanga ungahlubanga
1st plural sihlubile, sihlubē esihlubile, esihlubē sihlubile, sihlubē asihlubanga esingahlubanga singahlubanga
2nd plural nihlubile, nihlubē enihlubile, enihlubē nihlubile, nihlubē anihlubanga eningahlubanga ningahlubanga
Class 1 uhlubile, uhlubē ohlubile, ohlubē ehlubile, ehlubē akahlubanga ongahlubanga engahlubanga
Class 2 bahlubile, bahlubē abahlubile, abahlubē behlubile, behlubē abahlubanga abangahlubanga bengahlubanga
Class 3 uhlubile, uhlubē ohlubile, ohlubē uhlubile, uhlubē awuhlubanga ongahlubanga ungahlubanga
Class 4 ihlubile, ihlubē ehlubile, ehlubē ihlubile, ihlubē ayihlubanga engahlubanga ingahlubanga
Class 5 lihlubile, lihlubē elihlubile, elihlubē lihlubile, lihlubē alihlubanga elingahlubanga lingahlubanga
Class 6 ahlubile, ahlubē ahlubile, ahlubē ehlubile, ehlubē awahlubanga angahlubanga engahlubanga
Class 7 sihlubile, sihlubē esihlubile, esihlubē sihlubile, sihlubē asihlubanga esingahlubanga singahlubanga
Class 8 zihlubile, zihlubē ezihlubile, ezihlubē zihlubile, zihlubē azihlubanga ezingahlubanga zingahlubanga
Class 9 ihlubile, ihlubē ehlubile, ehlubē ihlubile, ihlubē ayihlubanga engahlubanga ingahlubanga
Class 10 zihlubile, zihlubē ezihlubile, ezihlubē zihlubile, zihlubē azihlubanga ezingahlubanga zingahlubanga
Class 11 luhlubile, luhlubē oluhlubile, oluhlubē luhlubile, luhlubē aluhlubanga olungahlubanga lungahlubanga
Class 14 buhlubile, buhlubē obuhlubile, obuhlubē buhlubile, buhlubē abuhlubanga obungahlubanga bungahlubanga
Class 15 kuhlubile, kuhlubē okuhlubile, okuhlubē kuhlubile, kuhlubē akuhlubanga okungahlubanga kungahlubanga
Class 17 kuhlubile, kuhlubē okuhlubile, okuhlubē kuhlubile, kuhlubē akuhlubanga okungahlubanga kungahlubanga
Remote past
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngāhluba engāhluba ngāhluba angihlubanga engingahlubanga ngingahlubanga
2nd singular wāhluba owāhluba wāhluba awuhlubanga ongahlubanga ungahlubanga
1st plural sāhluba esāhluba sāhluba asihlubanga esingahlubanga singahlubanga
2nd plural nāhluba enāhluba nāhluba anihlubanga eningahlubanga ningahlubanga
Class 1 wāhluba owāhluba āhluba akahlubanga ongahlubanga engahlubanga
Class 2 bāhluba abāhluba bāhluba abahlubanga abangahlubanga bengahlubanga
Class 3 wāhluba owāhluba wāhluba awuhlubanga ongahlubanga ungahlubanga
Class 4 yāhluba eyāhluba yāhluba ayihlubanga engahlubanga ingahlubanga
Class 5 lāhluba elāhluba lāhluba alihlubanga elingahlubanga lingahlubanga
Class 6 āhluba āhluba āhluba awahlubanga angahlubanga engahlubanga
Class 7 sāhluba esāhluba sāhluba asihlubanga esingahlubanga singahlubanga
Class 8 zāhluba ezāhluba zāhluba azihlubanga ezingahlubanga zingahlubanga
Class 9 yāhluba eyāhluba yāhluba ayihlubanga engahlubanga ingahlubanga
Class 10 zāhluba ezāhluba zāhluba azihlubanga ezingahlubanga zingahlubanga
Class 11 lwāhluba olwāhluba lwāhluba aluhlubanga olungahlubanga lungahlubanga
Class 14 bāhluba obāhluba bāhluba abuhlubanga obungahlubanga bungahlubanga
Class 15 kwāhluba okwāhluba kwāhluba akuhlubanga okungahlubanga kungahlubanga
Class 17 kwāhluba okwāhluba kwāhluba akuhlubanga okungahlubanga kungahlubanga
Potential
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngingahluba — ngingahluba ngingehlube — ngingehlube
2nd singular ungahluba — ungahluba ungehlube — ungehlube
1st plural singahluba — singahluba singehlube — singehlube
2nd plural ningahluba — ningahluba ningehlube — ningehlube
Class 1 angahluba — engahluba angehlube — engehlube
Class 2 bangahluba — bengahluba bangehlube — bengehlube
Class 3 ungahluba — ungahluba ungehlube — ungehlube
Class 4 ingahluba — ingahluba ingehlube — ingehlube
Class 5 lingahluba — lingahluba lingehlube — lingehlube
Class 6 angahluba — engahluba angehlube — engehlube
Class 7 singahluba — singahluba singehlube — singehlube
Class 8 zingahluba — zingahluba zingehlube — zingehlube
Class 9 ingahluba — ingahluba ingehlube — ingehlube
Class 10 zingahluba — zingahluba zingehlube — zingehlube
Class 11 lungahluba — lungahluba lungehlube — lungehlube
Class 14 bungahluba — bungahluba bungehlube — bungehlube
Class 15 kungahluba — kungahluba kungehlube — kungehlube
Class 17 kungahluba — kungahluba kungehlube — kungehlube
Immediate future
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngizohluba engizohluba ngizohluba angizuhluba engingezuhluba ngingezuhluba
2nd singular uzohluba ozohluba uzohluba awuzuhluba ongezuhluba ungezuhluba
1st plural sizohluba esizohluba sizohluba asizuhluba esingezuhluba singezuhluba
2nd plural nizohluba enizohluba nizohluba anizuhluba eningezuhluba ningezuhluba
Class 1 uzohluba ozohluba ezohluba akazuhluba ongezuhluba engezuhluba
Class 2 bazohluba abazohluba bezohluba abazuhluba abangezuhluba bengezuhluba
Class 3 uzohluba ozohluba uzohluba awuzuhluba ongezuhluba ungezuhluba
Class 4 izohluba ezohluba izohluba ayizuhluba engezuhluba ingezuhluba
Class 5 lizohluba elizohluba lizohluba alizuhluba elingezuhluba lingezuhluba
Class 6 azohluba azohluba ezohluba awazuhluba angezuhluba engezuhluba
Class 7 sizohluba esizohluba sizohluba asizuhluba esingezuhluba singezuhluba
Class 8 zizohluba ezizohluba zizohluba azizuhluba ezingezuhluba zingezuhluba
Class 9 izohluba ezohluba izohluba ayizuhluba engezuhluba ingezuhluba
Class 10 zizohluba ezizohluba zizohluba azizuhluba ezingezuhluba zingezuhluba
Class 11 luzohluba oluzohluba luzohluba aluzuhluba olungezuhluba lungezuhluba
Class 14 buzohluba obuzohluba buzohluba abuzuhluba obungezuhluba bungezuhluba
Class 15 kuzohluba okuzohluba kuzohluba akuzuhluba okungezuhluba kungezuhluba
Class 17 kuzohluba okuzohluba kuzohluba akuzuhluba okungezuhluba kungezuhluba
Remote future
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngiyohluba engiyohluba ngiyohluba angiyuhluba engingeyuhluba ngingeyuhluba
2nd singular uyohluba oyohluba uyohluba awuyuhluba ongeyuhluba ungeyuhluba
1st plural siyohluba esiyohluba siyohluba asiyuhluba esingeyuhluba singeyuhluba
2nd plural niyohluba eniyohluba niyohluba aniyuhluba eningeyuhluba ningeyuhluba
Class 1 uyohluba oyohluba eyohluba akayuhluba ongeyuhluba engeyuhluba
Class 2 bayohluba abayohluba beyohluba abayuhluba abangeyuhluba bengeyuhluba
Class 3 uyohluba oyohluba uyohluba awuyuhluba ongeyuhluba ungeyuhluba
Class 4 iyohluba eyohluba iyohluba ayiyuhluba engeyuhluba ingeyuhluba
Class 5 liyohluba eliyohluba liyohluba aliyuhluba elingeyuhluba lingeyuhluba
Class 6 ayohluba ayohluba eyohluba awayuhluba angeyuhluba engeyuhluba
Class 7 siyohluba esiyohluba siyohluba asiyuhluba esingeyuhluba singeyuhluba
Class 8 ziyohluba eziyohluba ziyohluba aziyuhluba ezingeyuhluba zingeyuhluba
Class 9 iyohluba eyohluba iyohluba ayiyuhluba engeyuhluba ingeyuhluba
Class 10 ziyohluba eziyohluba ziyohluba aziyuhluba ezingeyuhluba zingeyuhluba
Class 11 luyohluba oluyohluba luyohluba aluyuhluba olungeyuhluba lungeyuhluba
Class 14 buyohluba obuyohluba buyohluba abuyuhluba obungeyuhluba bungeyuhluba
Class 15 kuyohluba okuyohluba kuyohluba akuyuhluba okungeyuhluba kungeyuhluba
Class 17 kuyohluba okuyohluba kuyohluba akuyuhluba okungeyuhluba kungeyuhluba
Present subjunctive
Positive Negative
1st singular ngihlube ngingahlubi
2nd singular uhlube ungahlubi
1st plural sihlube singahlubi
2nd plural nihlube ningahlubi
Class 1 ahlube angahlubi
Class 2 bahlube bangahlubi
Class 3 uhlube ungahlubi
Class 4 ihlube ingahlubi
Class 5 lihlube lingahlubi
Class 6 ahlube angahlubi
Class 7 sihlube singahlubi
Class 8 zihlube zingahlubi
Class 9 ihlube ingahlubi
Class 10 zihlube zingahlubi
Class 11 luhlube lungahlubi
Class 14 buhlube bungahlubi
Class 15 kuhlube kungahlubi
Class 17 kuhlube kungahlubi
Past subjunctive
Positive Negative
1st singular ngahluba ngangahluba, angahluba, angangahluba
2nd singular wahluba wangahluba, awahluba, awangahluba
1st plural sahluba sangahluba, asahluba, asangahluba
2nd plural nahluba nangahluba, anahluba, anangahluba
Class 1 wahluba wangahluba, akahluba, akangahluba
Class 2 bahluba bangahluba, abahluba, abangahluba
Class 3 wahluba wangahluba, awahluba, awangahluba
Class 4 yahluba yangahluba, ayahluba, ayangahluba
Class 5 lahluba langahluba, alahluba, alangahluba
Class 6 ahluba angahluba, awahluba, awangahluba
Class 7 sahluba sangahluba, asahluba, asangahluba
Class 8 zahluba zangahluba, azahluba, azangahluba
Class 9 yahluba yangahluba, ayahluba, ayangahluba
Class 10 zahluba zangahluba, azahluba, azangahluba
Class 11 lwahluba lwangahluba, alwahluba, alwangahluba
Class 14 bahluba bangahluba, abahluba, abangahluba
Class 15 kwahluba kwangahluba, akwahluba, akwangahluba
Class 17 kwahluba kwangahluba, akwahluba, akwangahluba

References

Wikious
Boobota
Sagapedia