mężczyzna

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See also: mężczyzną

Old Polish

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *mǫžьščina. By surface analysis, męski +‎ -yzna. First attested in c. 1408.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): (10th–15th CE) /mæ̃ʃʲt͡ʃʲɨzna/
  • IPA(key): (15th CE) /mæ̃ʃʲt͡ʃʲɨzna/

Noun

mężczyzna f

  1. (attested in Masovia) man (adult male)
  2. (collective, attested in Greater Poland) men
    • 1858 [c. 1408], Wojciech Szurkowski z Ponieca, “Wyroki sądów miejskich czyli ortyle [Urban court rulings i.e. "Ortyls"]”, in Wacław Aleksander Maciejowski, editor, Historia prawodawstw słowiańskich [History of Slavic lawmaking], volume 6, Poniec, page 124:
      Ten o to vrazony... nye ma rodzyny albo przyrodzonych przyyaczyely mąszczyszny
      [Ten [o]to urażony... nie ma rodziny albo przyrodzonych przyjacieli mężczyzny]
    • 1874-1891 [End of the 15th cenetury], Rozprawy i Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Wydziału Filologicznego Akademii Umiejętności, , , volume XXV, page 202:
      Mąssczyssny laici
      [Mężczyzny laici]
  3. (attested in Masovia) male child
    • 1928 [End of the fifteenth century], Jan Janów, editor, Zespół ewangelijny Biblioteki Ordynacji Zamoyskich nr 1116, Warsaw, page 294:
      Vszelka mąszczysna odvarzayacza zywoth szwyathe panv bądzye vezvano (omne masculinum adaperiens vulvam sanctum domino vocabitur Luc 2, 23)
      [Wszelka mężczyzna otwarzająca żywot święte Panu będzie wezwano (omne masculinum adaperiens vulvam sanctum domino vocabitur Luc 2, 23)]

Descendants

  • Masurian: ménzcÿzna
  • Polish: mężczyzna

References

Polish

Polish Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia pl
mężczyźni

Etymology

Inherited from Old Polish mężczyzna. By surface analysis, męski +‎ -yzna.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /mɛw̃ʂˈt͡ʂɨz.na/
  • (Middle Polish) IPA(key): /mɛ̃ˈʂt͡ʂɨz.na/
  • Audio 1:(file)
  • Audio 2:(file)
  • Rhymes: -ɨzna
  • Syllabification: męż‧czyz‧na

Noun

mężczyzna m pers

  1. man, male (adult male human)
    Coordinate term: kobieta
  2. (colloquial) man (male partner, object of romantic interest, or lover)

Usage notes

In the 16th century, mężczyzna was used as a feminine noun, changing to a masculine noun in the 17th century.

Declension

Noun

mężczyzna f

  1. (Middle Polish, collective) men

Derived terms

adverbs
nouns

Trivia

According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), mężczyzna is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 10 times in scientific texts, 17 times in news, 2 times in essays, 49 times in fiction, and 32 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 110 times, making it the 561st most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.

References

  1. ^ Ida Kurcz (1990) “mężczyzna”, in Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej [Frequency dictionary of the Polish language]‎ (in Polish), volume 1, Kraków, Warszawa: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Języka Polskiego, page 241

Further reading