nḥm

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See also: nhm

Egyptian

FWOTD – 2 October 2021

Pronunciation

 

Verb

n
N42		 mD40

 3-lit.

  1. (transitive) to take away
    • c. 2353 BCE – 2323 BCE, Pyramid Texts of Unas — gable of the east wall of the antechamber, spell 273–274.58:[1]
      D35
      n      		 N42mms
      a      		 Hw<
      wn
      n      		 is
      		>ma
      f
      nj nḥmm sꜥḥw wnjs m-ꜥ.f
      • Translation by Allen
        The dignities of Unas will not be taken away from him.
  2. (transitive) to save, to rescue
    • c. 2000 BCE – 1900 BCE, Tale of the Shipwrecked Sailor (pHermitage/pPetersburg 1115) lines 17–19:
      iwr Z1
      n      		 z&A1&Z1 n
      N42      		 ma
      f      		 swwiwmddwA2fa
      f      		 TAAmS28n
      f      		 HrZ1
      jw r(ꜣ) n z nḥm.f sw jw mdw.f ḏj.f ṯꜣm n.f ḥr
      The mouth of a man saves him; his speech gains him leniency (literally, “gives cloaking of the face for him”).
    • c. 1552 BCE, Kamose, Carnarvon Tablet I (Cairo JE 41790):
      ibZ1A1rn
      N42      		 mA24kmmt
      niwt      		 Ht
      D40      		 T14mWA14
      Z2ss
      jb.j r nḥm kmt ḥ(w)t ꜥꜣmw
      I intend to save Egypt and smite the Asiatics.

Inflection

Conjugation of nḥm (triliteral / 3-lit. / 3rad.) — base stem: nḥm, geminated stem: nḥmm
infinitival forms imperative
infinitive negatival complement complementary infinitive1 singular plural
nḥm
 nḥmw, nḥm
 nḥmt
 nḥm
 nḥm
‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem periphrastic imperfective2 periphrastic prospective2
nḥm
 ḥr nḥm
 m nḥm
 r nḥm
suffix conjugation
aspect / mood active passive contingent
aspect / mood active passive
perfect nḥm.n
 nḥmw, nḥm
 consecutive nḥm.jn
 active + .tj1, .tw2
active + .tj1, .tw2
terminative nḥmt
perfective3 nḥm
 active + .tj1, .tw2
 obligative1 nḥm.ḫr
 active + .tj1, .tw2
imperfective nḥm
 active + .tj1, .tw2
prospective3 nḥm
 nḥmm
 potentialis1 nḥm.kꜣ
 active + .tj1, .tw2
active + .tj1, .tw2
subjunctive nḥm
 active + .tj1, .tw2
verbal adjectives
aspect / mood relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms participles
active passive active passive
perfect nḥm.n
 active + .tj1, .tw2
 — —
perfective nḥm
 active + .tj1, .tw2
 nḥm
 nḥm, nḥmw5, nḥmy5
imperfective nḥm, nḥmy, nḥmw5
 active + .tj1, .tw2
 nḥm, nḥmj6, nḥmy6
 nḥm, nḥmw5
prospective nḥm, nḥmtj7
 — nḥmtj4, nḥmt4
  1. Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian.
  2. Used mostly since Middle Egyptian.
  3. Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective.
  4. Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn.
  5. Only in the masculine singular.
  6. Only in the masculine.
  7. Only in the feminine.

Alternative forms

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of nḥm  
n
N42		 mA24
nḥm

Descendants

References

  1. ^ Allen, James (2013) A New Concordance of the Pyramid Texts, volume III, Providence: Brown University, PT 273–274.58 (Pyr. 411c), W
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