obowiązek

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Polish

Etymology

From obowiązać +‎ -ek.[1][2][3] First attested in 1543.[4] Compare Kashubian òbòwiązk and Silesian ôbowiōnzek.

Pronunciation

 
  • IPA(key): /ɔ.bɔˈvjɔw̃.zɛk/, /ɔ.bɔˈvjɔn.zɛk/
  • Audio:(file)
  • Rhymes: -ɔw̃zɛk
  • Syllabification: o‧bo‧wią‧zek

Noun

obowiązek m inan

  1. duty, obligation (that which one is morally or legally obligated to do)
  2. (archaic) service (working as a maid)
  3. (obsolete) debt of gratitude
  4. (Middle Polish, law) liability
    Synonym: obciążenie
  5. (Middle Polish) bond, binding
    Synonyms: więź, związanie

Declension

Derived terms

adjectives
nouns
verbs
adverb

Trivia

According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), obowiązek is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 11 times in scientific texts, 13 times in news, 39 times in essays, 9 times in fiction, and 14 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 86 times, making it the 741st most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.[5]

References

  1. ^ Boryś, Wiesław (2005) “obowiązek”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego (in Polish), Kraków: Wydawnictwo Literackie, →ISBN
  2. ^ Mańczak, Witold (2017) “obowiązek”, in Polski słownik etymologiczny (in Polish), Kraków: Polska Akademia Umiejętności, →ISBN
  3. ^ Bańkowski, Andrzej (2000) “obowiązek”, in Etymologiczny słownik języka polskiego [Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish)
  4. ^ Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “obowiązek”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]
  5. ^ Ida Kurcz (1990) “obowiązek”, in Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej [Frequency dictionary of the Polish language] (in Polish), volume 1, Kraków, Warszawa: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Języka Polskiego, page 303

Further reading