From Old French ovrer, Late Latin operō, operāre, from the deponent Classical Latin verb operor. Doublet of œuvrer (an analogical form created to avoid the confusion with ouvrir) and opérer.
ouvrer
| infinitive | simple | ouvrer | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | ouvrant /u.vʁɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | ouvré /u.vʁe/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | ouvre /uvʁ/ |
ouvres /uvʁ/ |
ouvre /uvʁ/ |
ouvrons /u.vʁɔ̃/ |
ouvrez /u.vʁe/ |
ouvrent /uvʁ/ |
| imperfect | ouvrais /u.vʁɛ/ |
ouvrais /u.vʁɛ/ |
ouvrait /u.vʁɛ/ |
ouvrions /u.vʁi.jɔ̃/ |
ouvriez /u.vʁi.je/ |
ouvraient /u.vʁɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | ouvrai /u.vʁe/ |
ouvras /u.vʁa/ |
ouvra /u.vʁa/ |
ouvrâmes /u.vʁam/ |
ouvrâtes /u.vʁat/ |
ouvrèrent /u.vʁɛʁ/ | |
| future | ouvrerai /u.vʁə.ʁe/ |
ouvreras /u.vʁə.ʁa/ |
ouvrera /u.vʁə.ʁa/ |
ouvrerons /u.vʁə.ʁɔ̃/ |
ouvrerez /u.vʁə.ʁe/ |
ouvreront /u.vʁə.ʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | ouvrerais /u.vʁə.ʁɛ/ |
ouvrerais /u.vʁə.ʁɛ/ |
ouvrerait /u.vʁə.ʁɛ/ |
ouvrerions /u.vʁə.ʁjɔ̃/ |
ouvreriez /u.vʁə.ʁje/ |
ouvreraient /u.vʁə.ʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | ouvre /uvʁ/ |
ouvres /uvʁ/ |
ouvre /uvʁ/ |
ouvrions /u.vʁi.jɔ̃/ |
ouvriez /u.vʁi.je/ |
ouvrent /uvʁ/ |
| imperfect2 | ouvrasse /u.vʁas/ |
ouvrasses /u.vʁas/ |
ouvrât /u.vʁa/ |
ouvrassions /u.vʁa.sjɔ̃/ |
ouvrassiez /u.vʁa.sje/ |
ouvrassent /u.vʁas/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | ouvre /uvʁ/ |
— | ouvrons /u.vʁɔ̃/ |
ouvrez /u.vʁe/ |
— | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris , Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
From Old French ovrer (“to work”), from Late Latin operō, operāre, from the deponent Classical Latin verb operor, operārī (“work, labor”), from opus (“work, accomplishment”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₃ep-os- (“work”), from the verbal root *h₃ep- (“to work”).
ouvrer