proces

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See also: proces', procés, and procès

Czech

Czech Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia cs

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin processus or German Prozess.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key):
  • Audio(file)

Noun

proces m inan

  1. process

Declension

Declension of proces (hard masculine inanimate)
singular plural
nominative proces procesy
genitive procesu procesů
dative procesu procesům
accusative proces procesy
vocative procese procesy
locative procesu procesech
instrumental procesem procesy

Related terms

See also

Further reading

  • proces in Příruční slovník jazyka českého, 1935–1957
  • proces in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého, 1960–1971, 1989
  • proces in Internetová jazyková příručka

Danish

Danish Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia da

Etymology

Borrowed ultimately from Latin prōcessus (“process, progress, progression”).

Noun

proces c (singular definite processen, plural indefinite processer)

  1. process

Declension

Declension of proces

gender 		Singular Plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative proces processen processer processerne
genitive proces' processens processers processernes

Synonyms

Derived terms

Derived terms

References

Dutch

Dutch Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia nl

Etymology

From Middle Dutch proces, from Old French procés (“journey”), from Latin processus, past participle of procedo.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /proːˈsɛs/
  • Audio(file)
  • Hyphenation: pro‧ces
  • Rhymes: -ɛs

Noun

proces n (plural processen, diminutive procesje n)

  1. A process, sequential proceeding.
  2. (law) A trial, court case, lawsuit.

Synonyms

Derived terms

legal
other

Related terms

Descendants

  • Afrikaans: proses
  • → Indonesian: proses (“process”)
  • → Indonesian: acara (“trial; court exam”) (semantic loan)
  • → Papiamentu: proces (dated)
  • → West Frisian: proses

Latin

Verb

procēs

  1. second-person singular present active subjunctive of procō

Masurian

Etymology

Borrowed from Polish proces.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key):
  • Syllabification: pro‧ces

Noun

proces m inan

  1. (law) trial (appearance at judicial court)
  2. The meaning of this term is uncertain.

Further reading

  • Zofia Stamirowska (1987-2021) “proces”, in Anna Basara, editor, Słownik gwar Ostródzkiego, Warmii i Mazur‎, volume 7, Zakład Narodowy im. Ossolińskich Wydawnictwo Polskiej Akademii Nauk, →ISBN, page 16

Old French

Noun

proces oblique singular, m (oblique plural proces, nominative singular proces, nominative plural proces)

  1. Alternative form of procés

Polish

Polish Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia pl

Etymology

Internationalism; possibly borrowed from German Prozess or French procès, ultimately from Latin prōcessus. First attested in the 16th century.

Pronunciation

Noun

proces m inan (diminutive procesik, related adjective procesowy)

  1. process (series of events to produce a result)
  2. (sciences) process (series of physical or chemical changes causally related to each other)
  3. (law) trial (appearance at judicial court) ,
    Synonyms: postępowanie, przewód sądowy, rozprawa, sprawa
  4. (computing) process (executable task or program)

Declension

Declension of proces
singular plural
nominative proces procesy
genitive procesu procesów
dative procesowi procesom
accusative proces procesy
instrumental procesem procesami
locative procesie procesach
vocative procesie procesy

Derived terms

verbs

Descendants

Trivia

According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), proces is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 84 times in scientific texts, 34 times in news, 67 times in essays, 6 times in fiction, and 4 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 195 times, making it the 283rd most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.

References

  1. ^ Bańkowski, Andrzej (2000) “proces”, in Etymologiczny słownik języka polskiego [Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish)
  2. ^ Mirosław Bańko, Lidia Wiśniakowska (2021) “proces”, in Wielki słownik wyrazów obcych, →ISBN
  3. ^ Stanisław Dubisz, editor (2003), “proces”, in Uniwersalny słownik języka polskiego [Universal dictionary of the Polish language]‎ (in Polish), volumes 1-4, Warsaw: Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN SA, →ISBN
  4. ^ Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “proces”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]
  5. ^ Ida Kurcz (1990) “proces”, in Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej [Frequency dictionary of the Polish language]‎ (in Polish), volume 1, Kraków, Warszawa: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Języka Polskiego, page 435

Further reading

  • proces in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
  • proces in Polish dictionaries at PWN
  • “PROCES”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century], 2023 June 12
  • Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814) “proces”, in Słownik języka polskiego‎
  • Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861) “proces”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861‎
  • A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1908), “proces”, in Słownik języka polskiego‎ (in Polish), volume 4, Warsaw, page 1005

Romanian

Etymology

Borrowed from French procès, Italian processo, Latin processus. Cf. also purces, possibly an inherited doublet.

Noun

proces n (plural procese)

  1. process
  2. trial (in court)
  3. lawsuit, legal case

Derived terms

Related terms

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

Borrowed ultimately from Latin processus; cf. French procès.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /prǒt͡ses/
  • Hyphenation: pro‧ces

Noun

pròces m (Cyrillic spelling про̀цес)

  1. process

Declension

Declension of proces
singular plural
nominative proces procesi
genitive procesa procesa
dative procesu procesima
accusative proces procese
vocative procese procesi
locative procesu procesima
instrumental procesom procesima
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