pünkösd

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Hungarian

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Etymology

First attested in 1138. Pinkuʃtí, later Pyncust. Probably from a North Italian language, compare (Comelican) Ladin pentkòsti, Venetan pìntẹkǫ́ṣte and Romagnol pìntikǭ́st.[1] Alternative derivation via Middle Low German pinkesten[2] (cognate to German Pfingsten)[3] is debated as it does not account for word-final -n, unless by reanalysis as superessive.[1] Ultimately from Ecclesiastical Latin pentecoste, from Ancient Greek πεντηκοστή (pentēkostḗ, “fiftieth”).

Pronunciation

Noun

pünkösd (plural pünkösdök)

  1. Pentecost

Declension

Inflection (stem in -ö-, front rounded harmony)
singular plural
nominative pünkösd pünkösdök
accusative pünkösdöt pünkösdöket
dative pünkösdnek pünkösdöknek
instrumental pünkösddel pünkösdökkel
causal-final pünkösdért pünkösdökért
translative pünkösddé pünkösdökké
terminative pünkösdig pünkösdökig
essive-formal pünkösdként pünkösdökként
essive-modal — —
inessive pünkösdben pünkösdökben
superessive pünkösdön pünkösdökön
adessive pünkösdnél pünkösdöknél
illative pünkösdbe pünkösdökbe
sublative pünkösdre pünkösdökre
allative pünkösdhöz pünkösdökhöz
elative pünkösdből pünkösdökből
delative pünkösdről pünkösdökről
ablative pünkösdtől pünkösdöktől
non-attributive
possessive - singular 		pünkösdé pünkösdöké
non-attributive
possessive - plural 		pünkösdéi pünkösdökéi
Possessive forms of pünkösd
possessor single possession multiple possessions
1st person sing. pünkösdöm pünkösdjeim
2nd person sing. pünkösdöd pünkösdjeid
3rd person sing. pünkösdje pünkösdjei
1st person plural pünkösdünk pünkösdjeink
2nd person plural pünkösdötök pünkösdjeitek
3rd person plural pünkösdjük pünkösdjeik

Derived terms

Compound words

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 pünkösd in Károly Gerstner, editor, Új magyar etimológiai szótár [New Etymological Dictionary of Hungarian] (ÚESz.), Online edition (beta version), Budapest: MTA Research Institute for Linguistics / Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics, 2011–2024.
  2. ^ Compare also modern Low German Pingesten
  3. ^ Benkő, Loránd, ed. A magyar nyelv történeti-etimológiai szótára I–IV. (“The Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”). Budapest: Akadémiai, 1967–1984. →ISBN. Vol. 1: A–Gy (1967), vol. 2: H–O (1970), vol. 3: Ö–Zs (1976), vol. 4: index (1984).

Further reading

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