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Egyptian
Etymology
s- (causative prefix) + šmm (“to become hot”).
Pronunciation
Verb
caus. 2ae gem.
- (transitive) to heat, to warm
Inflection
Conjugation of sšmm (causative second geminate / caus. 2ae gem. / caus. II. gem.) — base stem: sšm, geminated stem: sšmm
| infinitival forms
|
imperative
|
| infinitive
|
negatival complement
|
complementary infinitive1
|
singular
|
plural
|
sšmm
|
sšmm
|
sšmmt
|
sšmm
|
sšmm
|
| ‘pseudoverbal’ forms
|
| stative stem
|
periphrastic imperfective2
|
periphrastic prospective2
|
sšmm
|
ḥr sšmm
|
m sšmm
|
r sšmm
|
| suffix conjugation
|
| aspect / mood
|
active
|
passive
|
contingent
|
| aspect / mood
|
active
|
passive
|
| perfect
|
sšmm.n
|
sšmmw, sšmm
|
consecutive
|
sšmm.jn
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
| terminative
|
sšmmt
|
| perfective3
|
sšmm
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
obligative1
|
sšmm.ḫr
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
| imperfective
|
sšmm
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
| prospective3
|
sšmmw, sšmm, sšmmy
|
sšmmw, sšmm, sšmmy
|
potentialis1
|
sšmm.kꜣ
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
| subjunctive
|
sšmm
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
| verbal adjectives
|
| aspect / mood
|
relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms
|
participles
|
| active
|
passive
|
active
|
passive
|
| perfect
|
sšmm.n
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
—
|
—
|
| perfective
|
sšmm
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
—
|
—
|
| imperfective
|
sšmm, sšmmy, sšmmw5
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
sšmm, sšmmj6, sšmmy6
|
sšmm, sšmmw5
|
| prospective
|
sšmm, sšmmtj7
|
—
|
sšmmwtj1 4, sšmmtj4, sšmmt4
|
- Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian.
- Used mostly since Middle Egyptian.
- Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective.
- Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn.
- Only in the masculine singular.
- Only in the masculine.
- Only in the feminine.
|
Alternative hieroglyphic writings of sšmm
References
- James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 208.
