secula

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English

Noun

secula

  1. plural of seculum

Anagrams

Latin

Etymology 1

From secō (to cut, cleave) +‎ -ula. Mentioned by Varro as a Campanian synonym of falx. The long ē is reconstructed based on the quality of the vowel in Italian segolo[1]: along with tēgula and rēgula, it may display a lengthened grade of the Proto-Indo-European root, although the reason for vowel lengthening in this context is not well understood.[2] Grandgent 1907 views it instead as a phonetic variant of sīcula.[3]

Noun

sēcula f (genitive sēculae); first declension

  1. (hapax)[4] a sickle
    • 116 BCE – 27 BCE, Marcus Terentius Varro, De Lingua Latina 5.137:
      Falces a farre littera commutata; hae in Campania seculae a secando; a quadam similitudine harum aliae, ut quod apertum unde, falces fenariae et arbor<ar>iae et, quod non apertum unde, falces lumaria<e> et sirpiculae.
      • 1938 translation by Roland G. Kent
        Falces ‘sickles,’ from far ‘emmer,’ with the change of a letter; in Campania, these are called seculae, from secare ‘to cut’; from a certain likeness to these are named others, the falces fenariae ‘hay scythes’ and arborariae ‘tree pruning-hooks,’ of obvious origin, and falces lumariae and sirpiculae, whose source is obscure.
Declension

First-declension noun.

Case Singular Plural
Nominative sēcula sēculae
Genitive sēculae sēculārum
Dative sēculae sēculīs
Accusative sēculam sēculās
Ablative sēculā sēculīs
Vocative sēcula sēculae
Synonyms
Descendants
  • Friulian: sesule
  • Italian: segolo[5]
  • Proto-West Germanic: *sikilu (see there for further descendants)

References

  1. ^ Ernout, Alfred, Meillet, Antoine (1985) “secula”, in Dictionnaire étymologique de la langue latine: histoire des mots (in French), 4th edition, with additions and corrections of Jacques André, Paris: Klincksieck, published 2001, page 607
  2. ^ Schrijver, Peter C. H. (1991) The reflexes of the Proto-Indo-European laryngeals in Latin (Leiden studies in Indo-European; 2), Amsterdam, Atlanta: Rodopi, →ISBN, page 127
  3. ^ Grandgent, C. H. (1907) An Introduction to Vulgar Latin, page 84
  4. ^ Nielsen, Benedicte (1998) Latinske nomina instrumenti dannet med *-lo-, *-slo- og *-tlo-. Om det indbyrdes slægtskab mellem tre indoeuropæiske nominalsuffikser. (Master's thesis)‎, pages 78-79
  5. ^ Meyer-Lübke, Wilhelm (1911) “7771. sēcula”, in Romanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), page 584

Further reading

  • secula”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • secula in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
  • secula in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
  • De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “secō”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 551

Etymology 2

From saeclum.

Noun

sēcula

  1. nominative/accusative/vocative plural of sēculum