tʰø⁵⁵

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Pela

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan. Possibly cognate with Burmese ထွေ (htwe, (archaic)to say; pronouncement made by an august person (from Old Burmese ထုယ် (htuy))), Tangut 𘊴 (*thu¹, to say, to speak); Cognate with Northern Nisu tsʰo³³ tʰɯ²¹ (voice), Axi i³³ tʰɯ³³ (voice), Hani ddoqteil (voice, sound) and Youle Jino ɑ³³tʰə⁴⁴ (voice, sound). Compare Lhao Vo thoe, Zaiwa te, Lashi thui: and Longchuan Achang ŋ̊eŋ³⁵ the⁵⁵.

Noun

tʰø⁵⁵

  1. voice, sound (sound made by the mouth or by any instrument)
    • 2016, “Yvamsak wung [/ja̠m⁵⁵ sak⁵⁵ vɔ̃⁵⁵/]”, performed by Kong Huiying[1]:
      Wunbvong kilvong toi ja mu
      vun³¹.pɔ̠ŋ⁵⁵ kʰə̆.lɔ̠̃³⁵ tʰø⁵⁵ kja³¹ mu³¹
      Once we hear the sound of traditional Jingpho flute
Usage notes

tʰø⁵⁵ usually refers to sounds made by human utterances or instruments. For sounds of objects, mjaŋ⁵⁵ is used.

Derived terms
See also

Etymology 2

According to STEDT, from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *m-daj ~ m-di (that; this).

Cognate with Burmese ထို (htui, that) (from Old Burmese ထိဝ် (htiw) ~ ထိုဝ် (htuiw)), Nuosu (a ddit, that) (possibly also (tit, here)), Lisu ꓕꓱꓻ (tʰø, this), Dazhai Hani tyul (that), Naxi tee (that), Horpa ə thə (that (yonder)) and Northern Qiang thɛː (that). Compare Lhao Vo thoe, Lashi thu꞉ and Longchuan Achang tʰe⁵⁵.

Determiner

tʰø⁵⁵ (reduced form tʰə̆-)

  1. that over there, yon (roughly on the same elevation as the speaker)
    tʰø⁵⁵ məi⁵¹that place

Pronoun

tʰø⁵⁵ (reduced form tʰə̆-)

  1. that over there, yon (roughly on the same elevation as the speaker)
    tʰø⁵⁵ a³¹ pɛ̠⁵⁵ tʃuŋ⁵¹What is that?
Usage notes

In Pela, distal demonstrative elements are sensitive to the relative elevation. tʰø⁵⁵ is used for any object located at roughly the same elevation as the speaker. To refer to higher or lower objects, xu⁵⁵ and ma̠⁵⁵ are used respectively.

References

  • Mangshi Jinghpo ethnicity Association of Development and Progress Studies (芒市景颇族发展进步研究学会), editor (2018), 汉文载瓦文波拉语对译词典 [Han-Zaiwa-Pela Dictionary] (in Chinese), Mangshi: Dehong Nationalities Publishing House.
  • Dai, Qingxia, Jiang, Ying, Kong, Zhien (2007) 波拉语研究 [A Study of Pela Language] (in Chinese), Beijing: Publishing House of Minority Nationalities.
  1. ^ The lyrics were spelt in an unofficial Zaiwa-style orthography. Due to the phonological difference between the two languages, the pronunciation was not always recorded correctly.