ternir

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French

Etymology

Inherited from Middle French ternir, from Old French ternir (“to make dim, make wan”), borrowed from Old High German *ternen, tarnen, from Proto-West Germanic *darnijan (“to cover up, conceal, hide”).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /tɛʁ.niʁ/
  • Audio:(file)

Verb

ternir

  1. to tarnish (metal), fade (material)
  2. to tarnish (reputation etc.)

Conjugation

This is a regular verb of the second conjugation, like finir, choisir, and most other verbs with infinitives ending in -ir. One salient feature of this conjugation is the repeated appearance of the infix -iss-.

Conjugation of ternir (see also Appendix:French verbs)
infinitive simple ternir
compound avoir + past participle
present participle or gerund1 simple ternissant
/tɛʁ.ni.sɑ̃/
compound ayant + past participle
past participle terni
/tɛʁ.ni/
singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative je (j’) tu il, elle, on nous vous ils, elles
(simple
tenses) 		present ternis
/tɛʁ.ni/ 		ternis
/tɛʁ.ni/ 		ternit
/tɛʁ.ni/ 		ternissons
/tɛʁ.ni.sɔ̃/ 		ternissez
/tɛʁ.ni.se/ 		ternissent
/tɛʁ.nis/
imperfect ternissais
/tɛʁ.ni.sɛ/ 		ternissais
/tɛʁ.ni.sɛ/ 		ternissait
/tɛʁ.ni.sɛ/ 		ternissions
/tɛʁ.ni.sjɔ̃/ 		ternissiez
/tɛʁ.ni.sje/ 		ternissaient
/tɛʁ.ni.sɛ/
past historic2 ternis
/tɛʁ.ni/ 		ternis
/tɛʁ.ni/ 		ternit
/tɛʁ.ni/ 		ternîmes
/tɛʁ.nim/ 		ternîtes
/tɛʁ.nit/ 		ternirent
/tɛʁ.niʁ/
future ternirai
/tɛʁ.ni.ʁe/ 		terniras
/tɛʁ.ni.ʁa/ 		ternira
/tɛʁ.ni.ʁa/ 		ternirons
/tɛʁ.ni.ʁɔ̃/ 		ternirez
/tɛʁ.ni.ʁe/ 		terniront
/tɛʁ.ni.ʁɔ̃/
conditional ternirais
/tɛʁ.ni.ʁɛ/ 		ternirais
/tɛʁ.ni.ʁɛ/ 		ternirait
/tɛʁ.ni.ʁɛ/ 		ternirions
/tɛʁ.ni.ʁjɔ̃/ 		terniriez
/tɛʁ.ni.ʁje/ 		terniraient
/tɛʁ.ni.ʁɛ/
(compound
tenses) 		present perfect present indicative of avoir + past participle
pluperfect imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
past anterior2 past historic of avoir + past participle
future perfect future of avoir + past participle
conditional perfect conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive que je (j’) que tu qu’il, qu’elle que nous que vous qu’ils, qu’elles
(simple
tenses) 		present ternisse
/tɛʁ.nis/ 		ternisses
/tɛʁ.nis/ 		ternisse
/tɛʁ.nis/ 		ternissions
/tɛʁ.ni.sjɔ̃/ 		ternissiez
/tɛʁ.ni.sje/ 		ternissent
/tɛʁ.nis/
imperfect2 ternisse
/tɛʁ.nis/ 		ternisses
/tɛʁ.nis/ 		ternît
/tɛʁ.ni/ 		ternissions
/tɛʁ.ni.sjɔ̃/ 		ternissiez
/tɛʁ.ni.sje/ 		ternissent
/tɛʁ.nis/
(compound
tenses) 		past present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
pluperfect2 imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative – tu – nous vous –
simple — ternis
/tɛʁ.ni/ 		— ternissons
/tɛʁ.ni.sɔ̃/ 		ternissez
/tɛʁ.ni.se/ 		—
compound — simple imperative of avoir + past participle — simple imperative of avoir + past participle simple imperative of avoir + past participle —
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en.
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
  • past historic → present perfect
  • past anterior → pluperfect
  • imperfect subjunctive → present subjunctive
  • pluperfect subjunctive → past subjunctive

(Christopher Kendris , Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81).

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