vacuus

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Latin

Alternative forms

  • vaquus (Vulgar or Late Latin, Appendix Probi)

Etymology

From Proto-Italic *wakowos. Equivalent to vacō (“I am empty, void”) +‎ -uus (“adjective-forming suffix”).

Pronunciation

Adjective

vacuus (feminine vacua, neuter vacuum); first/second-declension adjective

  1. empty, vacant, unoccupied
    Synonyms: vānus, inānis
    Antonyms: plēnus, refertus, implētus, explētus, complētus, frequēns
    Fēmina dīxit pōculum vacuum esse.
    The woman said that the cup was empty.
  2. devoid or free of, without
    Synonyms: carēns, expers, viduus
    Antonyms: abundāns, cōpiōsus, cumulātus, largus, ūber, fēcundus
  3. (of time) free, unoccupied
  4. (of women) free, unmarried, single
    Synonym: caelebs

Declension

First/second-declension adjective.

Number Singular Plural
Case / Gender Masculine Feminine Neuter Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative vacuus vacua vacuum vacuī vacuae vacua
Genitive vacuī vacuae vacuī vacuōrum vacuārum vacuōrum
Dative vacuō vacuō vacuīs
Accusative vacuum vacuam vacuum vacuōs vacuās vacua
Ablative vacuō vacuā vacuō vacuīs
Vocative vacue vacua vacuum vacuī vacuae vacua

Derived terms

Descendants

  • Inherited:
    • Galician: vougo
    • Portuguese: vago
    • Spanish: vago
  • Borrowed:
    • → Proto-Brythonic: *gwag (see there for further descendants)
    • → Catalan: vacu (learned)
    • → English: vacuous, vacuum
    • → Italian: vacuo (learned)
    • → Portuguese: vácuo (learned)
    • → Romanian: vacuu (learned)
    • → Sicilian: vàcuu (learned)
    • → Spanish: vacuo (learned)

References

  • “vacuus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • “vacuus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • vacuus in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
  • vacuus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
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