živel

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Czech

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Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *živelъ. By surface analysis, živý +‎ -el.

Pronunciation

Noun

živel m inan (related adjective živelní or živelný)

  1. element (one of the hypothetical four basic building blocks of matter: water, earth, fire, and air)
  2. (dated) element (group of people within a larger group having a particular common characteristic)
    • 1990, Antonín Kratochvil, Žaluji, 3rd edition, Prague, →ISBN, page 244:
      Na lavici obžalovaných vedle úkladných vrahů sedí českoslovenští reakční emigranté – Zenklové, Ripkové, Lettrichové, Procházkové, Majerové, Peroutkové a spol., kteří se křečovitě snaží pomocí západních rozhlasových stanic v kalných vodách živlů z řad odstraněných, dříve vládnoucích tříd, zasévat zavilou nenávist proti našemu lidu a jeho cestě k socialistické budoucnosti.
      (please add an English translation of this quotation)

Declension

Further reading

  • živel”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
  • živel”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989

Old Czech

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *živelъ. First attested in the 14th century. Compare Slovene živȃł with the same meaning.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): (13th CE) /ˈʒiʋɛɫ/
  • IPA(key): (15th CE) /ˈʒivɛl/

Noun

živel m inan

  1. animal

Declension

Descendants

  • Czech: živel

Further reading