Λυδός

Ancient Greek

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Lydia

Etymology

From Lydian (*luwdja, “Luwia”), where the Lydians came to live after being driven away by the Phrygians.^[1] Here the -d- is result of affrication of proto-Luwian *-j-. Cognate to Hittite (Lu-ú-i-ya, “Luwia”).

The name's ultimate origin is unclear. Beekes suggests that they received the name of the area's original inhabitants (Pre-Greek/substrate), as they were originally called Μαίονες (Maíones).^[1] It was connected by Josephus to Lûḏîm (Hebrew לודים) and by Hippolytus to Ludim, son of Mizraim.^[2] It could instead ultimately be an endonym from Proto-Indo-European *h₁lewdʰ- (“people”).^[3] Also see Lydia.

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /lyː.dós/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /lyˈdos/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /lyˈðos/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /lyˈðos/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /liˈðos/

Proper noun

Λῡδός • (Lūdós) m (genitive Λῡδοῦ); second declension

Lydus, legendary first king of Lydia

Noun

Λῡδός • (Lūdós) m (genitive Λῡδοῦ); second declension

an inhabitant of Lydia; a Lydian

Inflection

Second declension of ὁ Λῡδός; τοῦ Λῡδοῦ (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ Λῡδός ho Lūdós	τὼ Λῡδώ tṑ Lūdṓ	οἱ Λῡδοί hoi Lūdoí
Genitive	τοῦ Λῡδοῦ toû Lūdoû	τοῖν Λῡδοῖν toîn Lūdoîn	τῶν Λῡδῶν tôn Lūdôn
Dative	τῷ Λῡδῷ tôi Lūdôi	τοῖν Λῡδοῖν toîn Lūdoîn	τοῖς Λῡδοῖς toîs Lūdoîs
Accusative	τὸν Λῡδόν tòn Lūdón	τὼ Λῡδώ tṑ Lūdṓ	τοὺς Λῡδούς toùs Lūdoús
Vocative	Λῡδέ Lūdé	Λῡδώ Lūdṓ	Λῡδοί Lūdoí
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

Λῡδῐ́ᾱ (Lūdíā)
Λῡ́δῐος (Lū́dios)

Descendants

Greek: Λυδός (Lydós)
Latin: Lȳdus

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 876
^ Calmet, Augustin (1832). Dictionary of the Holy Bible. Crocker and Brewster. p. 648.
^ “Archived copy”, in (Please provide the book title or journal name)‎, 2020 February 5 (last accessed), archived from the original on 5 February 2020

“Λυδός”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
“Λυδός”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
“Λυδός”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited, page 1,016

[Beekes-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 876

[2] Calmet, Augustin (1832). Dictionary of the Holy Bible. Crocker and Brewster. p. 648.

[3] “Archived copy”, in (Please provide the book title or journal name)‎, 2020 February 5 (last accessed), archived from the original on 5 February 2020

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