Ποσειδῶν

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Ancient Greek

English Wikipedia has an article on:

Poseidon

Alternative forms

Ποσείδαν (Poseídan), Ποσειδάν (Poseidán) — Aeolic
Ποσειδάων (Poseidáōn) — Homeric
Ποσειδέων (Poseidéōn) — Ionic
Ποσοιδάν (Posoidán) — Arcadian
Ποτειδάν (Poteidán), Ποτειδάϝων (Poteidáwōn), Ποτειδάων (Poteidáōn), Ποτ(ε)ιδᾶς (Pot(e)idâs) — Doric
Ποτοίδαν (Potoídan) — Aeolic
Ποὁιδάν (Pohoidán) — Laconian

Etymology

Uncertain. Cognate with Mycenaean Greek 𐀡𐀮𐀅𐀃 (po-se-da-o); possibly from a vocative *Πότ(ε)ι Δᾶς (*Pót(e)i Dâs) from πόσις (pósis, “master, husband”) and *Δα (*Da) (Γῆ (Gê), see Δημήτηρ (Dēmḗtēr)^[1] and Mycenaean Greek 𐀁𐀚𐀯𐀅𐀃𐀚 (e-ne-si-da-o-ne), which would be cognate with ἐννοσίγαιος (ennosígaios)).

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /po.seː.dɔ̂ːn/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /po.siˈdon/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /po.siˈðon/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /po.siˈðon/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /po.siˈðon/

Proper noun

Ποσειδῶν • (Poseidôn) m (genitive Ποσειδῶνος); third declension

(Greek mythology) Poseidon

Usage notes

In archaic and verse, the irregular singular accusative case is Ποσειδῶ (Poseidô).

Inflection

Third declension of ὁ Ποσειδῶν; τοῦ Ποσειδῶνος (Attic)

Case / #	Singular
Nominative	ὁ Ποσειδῶν ho Poseidôn
Genitive	τοῦ Ποσειδῶνος toû Poseidônos
Dative	τῷ Ποσειδῶνῐ tôi Poseidôni
Accusative	τὸν Ποσειδῶνᾰ / Ποσειδῶ tòn Poseidôna / Poseidô
Vocative	Πόσειδον Póseidon
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

Ποσειδεών (Poseideṓn)
Ποσειδώνιον (Poseidṓnion)
Ποσειδώνιος (Poseidṓnios)

Descendants

→ Arabic: بُوسِيدُون (būsīdūn)
→ Basque: Poseidon
→ Breton: Poseidon
→ Bulgarian: Посейдон (Posejdon)
→ Catalan: Posidó
→ Chinese: 海神波塞冬, Bōsāidōng
→ Czech: Poseidón
→ Danish: Poseidon
→ Dutch: Poseidon
→ English: Poseidon
→ Estonian: Poseidon
→ Finnish: Poseidon
→ French: Poséidon
→ Galician: Poseidón
→ Georgian: პოსეიდონი (ṗoseidoni)
→ German: Poseidon
Greek: Ποσειδών (Poseidón), Ποσειδώνας (Poseidónas)
→ Hebrew: פוסידון
→ Hungarian: Poszeidón
→ Indonesian: Poseidon
→ Italian: Poseidone
→ Japanese: ポセイドーン (Poseidōn)
→ Korean: 포세이돈 (Poseidon)
→ Latin: Posīdōn
→ Latvian: Poseidons
→ Lithuanian: Poseidonas
→ Low German: Poseidon
→ Luxembourgish: Poseidon
→ Norwegian: Poseidon
→ Polish: Posejdon
→ Portuguese: Posídon
→ Romanian: Poseidon
→ Russian: Посейдон (Posejdon)
→ Serbo-Croatian: Посејдон, Posejdon
→ Sicilian: Pusiduni
→ Slovak: Poseidón
→ Slovene: Pozejdon
→ Spanish: Poseidón
→ Thai: โพไซดอน
→ Turkish: Poseidon, Posedon
→ Ukrainian: Посейдон (Posejdon)

References

^ Nilsson, Martin (1967) Die Geschichte der Griechischen Religion‎ (in German), Erster Band Verlag C. H. Beck, page 417‬

Further reading

“Ποσειδῶν”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
“Ποσειδῶν”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited, page 1,023
http://opsopaus.com/OM/BA/Plethon/Poseidon.html

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