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Traditionally derived from Proto-Indo-European*der-drew-om with dissimilation, reduplicated from *dóru(“tree”), but this type of reduplication is highly atypical, so the formation must be regarded as uncertain. Per Janda, alternatively from a compound *dem-(“to build; house”) + *drew-, thus perhaps meaning “tree (planted near a) house”, but the semantic basis for such an assumption is weak.
Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “δένδρεον”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 315–316
