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Traditionally derived from Proto-Indo-European*der-drew-om with dissimilation, reduplicated from *dóru(“tree”), but this type of reduplication is highly atypical, so the formation must be regarded as uncertain. Per Janda, alternatively from a compound *dem-(“to build; house”) + *drew-, thus perhaps meaning “tree (planted near a) house”, but the semantic basis for such an assumption is weak.[1]
**Dative plural**: In Attic prose, both **δένδροις** and **δένδρεσι(ν)** are attested. The latter, more common in later texts, may reflect Ionic influence (e.g., Plato, *Laws* 1.625).
**Genitive plural**: The standard Attic form is **δένδρων** (e.g., Lysias, *Orations* 7.28). The form **δενδρέων** is typical of Epic/Ionic Greek (e.g., Herodotus, 1.202) and rarely appears in Attic texts except under Ionic influence or in poetic contexts.
