μάκαρ

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

μάκαιρα (mákaira)
μάκᾱρ (mákār)
μάκαρς (mákars)

Etymology

Probably from Pre-Greek because of the interchange ᾰρ/ᾱρ (ăr/ār) in its variants, as well as the word's seemingly isolated formation.^[1]

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /má.kar/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈma.kar/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈma.kar/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈma.kar/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈma.kar/

Adjective

μάκᾰρ • (mákăr) m or f (neuter μάκᾰρ); third declension

blessed, happy

Declension

Third declension of μάκᾰρ; μᾰ́κᾰρ (Attic)

Number	Singular		Dual		Plural
Case/Gender	Masculine / Feminine	Neuter	Masculine / Feminine	Neuter	Masculine / Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	μάκᾰρ mákăr	μᾰ́κᾰρ mắkăr	μᾰ́κᾰρε mắkăre	μᾰ́κᾰρε mắkăre	μᾰ́κᾰρες mắkăres	μᾰ́κᾰρᾰ mắkără
Genitive	μᾰ́κᾰρος mắkăros	μᾰ́κᾰρος mắkăros	μᾰκᾰ́ροιν măkắroin	μᾰκᾰ́ροιν măkắroin	μᾰκᾰ́ρων măkắrōn	μᾰκᾰ́ρων măkắrōn
Dative	μᾰ́κᾰρῐ mắkărĭ	μᾰ́κᾰρῐ mắkărĭ	μᾰκᾰ́ροιν măkắroin	μᾰκᾰ́ροιν măkắroin	μᾰ́κᾰρσῐ / μᾰ́κᾰρσῐν mắkărsĭ(n)	μᾰ́κᾰρσῐ / μᾰ́κᾰρσῐν mắkărsĭ(n)
Accusative	μᾰ́κᾰρᾰ mắkără	μᾰ́κᾰρ mắkăr	μᾰ́κᾰρε mắkăre	μᾰ́κᾰρε mắkăre	μᾰ́κᾰρᾰς mắkărăs	μᾰ́κᾰρᾰ mắkără
Vocative	μᾰ́κᾰρ mắkăr	μᾰ́κᾰρ mắkăr	μᾰ́κᾰρε mắkăre	μᾰ́κᾰρε mắkăre	μᾰ́κᾰρες mắkăres	μᾰ́κᾰρᾰ mắkără
Derived forms	Adverb		Comparative		Superlative
Derived forms	μᾰκᾰ́ρως măkắrōs		—		—
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Third declension of μάκᾰρ; μᾰ́κᾰρ (Epic)

Number	Singular		Dual		Plural
Case/Gender	Masculine / Feminine	Neuter	Masculine / Feminine	Neuter	Masculine / Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	μάκᾰρ mákăr	μᾰ́κᾰρ mắkăr	μᾰ́κᾰρε mắkăre	μᾰ́κᾰρε mắkăre	μᾰ́κᾰρες mắkăres	μᾰ́κᾰρᾰ mắkără
Genitive	μᾰ́κᾰρος mắkăros	μᾰ́κᾰρος mắkăros	μᾰκᾰ́ροιῐν măkắroiĭn	μᾰκᾰ́ροιῐν măkắroiĭn	μᾰκᾰ́ρων măkắrōn	μᾰκᾰ́ρων măkắrōn
Dative	μᾰ́κᾰρῐ mắkărĭ	μᾰ́κᾰρῐ mắkărĭ	μᾰκᾰ́ροιῐν măkắroiĭn	μᾰκᾰ́ροιῐν măkắroiĭn	μᾰ́κᾰρσῐ / μᾰ́κᾰρσῐν / μᾰκᾰ́ρεσσῐ / μᾰκᾰ́ρεσσῐν / μᾰκᾰ́ρεσῐ / μᾰκᾰ́ρεσῐν mắkărsĭ(n) / măkắressĭ(n) / măkắresĭ(n)	μᾰ́κᾰρσῐ / μᾰ́κᾰρσῐν / μᾰκᾰ́ρεσσῐ / μᾰκᾰ́ρεσσῐν / μᾰκᾰ́ρεσῐ / μᾰκᾰ́ρεσῐν mắkărsĭ(n) / măkắressĭ(n) / măkắresĭ(n)
Accusative	μᾰ́κᾰρᾰ mắkără	μᾰ́κᾰρ mắkăr	μᾰ́κᾰρε mắkăre	μᾰ́κᾰρε mắkăre	μᾰ́κᾰρᾰς mắkărăs	μᾰ́κᾰρᾰ mắkără
Vocative	μᾰ́κᾰρ mắkăr	μᾰ́κᾰρ mắkăr	μᾰ́κᾰρε mắkăre	μᾰ́κᾰρε mắkăre	μᾰ́κᾰρες mắkăres	μᾰ́κᾰρᾰ mắkără
Derived forms	Adverb		Comparative		Superlative
Derived forms	μᾰκᾰ́ρως măkắrōs		—		—
Notes:	Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms may be based on conjecture. Use with caution.

Derived terms

μακάριος (makários)
μακάρων νῆσοι f pl (makárōn nêsoi, “islands of the blessed”)

Descendants

→ English: makarism

References

^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “μάκαρ”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 893