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^ Ġazaryan, Ṙuben (1981) “դդում”, in Busanunneri hayeren-latineren-ṙuseren-angleren-franseren-germaneren baṙaran [Armenian–Latin–Russian–English–French–German Dictionary of Plant Names], Yerevan: University Press, § 267, page 25
Old Armenian
Etymology
A loanword of unknown origin.[1][2]Romanidudum(“gourd”) is usually treated as an Armenian borrowing, but it may be independently borrowed from the same source.[3] Has been compared to Akkadian𒌑𒁺𒊌𒁺𒈬(U2.du-uk-du-mu/dukdumu, dugdumu/, “an unknown plant”),[4][5]Hebrewדוּדָאִים(ḏūḏāʾīm, “mandrake”) and Sanskritदुर्द्रुम(durdruma), दुद्रुम(dudruma, “green onion”),[6]दुन्दम(dundama, “drum”).[7] Note also the Indo-Aryan families of Sanskritदुग्धिका(dugdhikā, “sort of Asclepias or Oxystelma esculentum”),[8]दुग्धिन्(dugdhin, “milky”),[9] and तुम्ब(tumba, “the gourd Lagenaria vulgaris”),[10] in which many similar words are found referring to various types of gourds, including Marathiदुधीण(dudhīṇ), Hindiदूधी(dūdhī, “bottle gourd”) (→ Englishdudhi).
^ Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1971) “դդում”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume I, Yerevan: University Press, page 644ab
^ Olsen, Birgit Anette (1999) The noun in Biblical Armenian: origin and word-formation: with special emphasis on the Indo-European heritage (Trends in linguistics. Studies and monographs; 119), Berlin, New York: Mouton de Gruyter, page 936
^ Hübschmann, Heinrich (1897) Armenische Grammatik. 1. Theil: Armenische Etymologie (in German), Leipzig: Breitkopf & Härtel, page 138
^ J̌ahukyan, Geworg (1987) Hayocʻ lezvi patmutʻyun; naxagrayin žamanakašrǰan [History of the Armenian language: The Pre-Literary Period] (in Armenian), Yerevan: Academy Press, page 467
^ Sampson, John (1926) “dudum”, in The Dialect of the Gypsies of Wales, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 92a
^ Paspati, Alexandre G. (1870) “dudum”, in Études sur les Tchinghianés; ou, Bohémiens de l'Empire ottoman (in French), Constantinople: Impr. A. Koroméla, page 216
^ Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “dugdhikā”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press
^ Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “dugdhin”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press
^ Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “tumba”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press
^ Epʻrem Xori Asori (1836) Srboyn Epʻremi matenagrutʻiwnkʻ. Hator čʻorrord. Čaṙkʻ ew ałōtʻkʻ [Collected works of Ephrem the Syrian. Volume IV: Homilies and Prayers] (in Old Armenian), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, pages 204–205
Further reading
Ališan, Ġewond (1895) “դդում”, in Haybusak kam haykakan busabaṙutʻiwn [Armenian Botany] (in Armenian), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, § 573, page 142
Awgerean, Mkrtičʻ, Čēlalean, Grigor (1865) “դդում”, in Aṙjeṙn baṙaran haykaznean lezui [Pocket Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, page 238a
J̌axǰaxean, Manuēl (1837) “դդում”, in Baṙgirkʻ i barbaṙ hay ew italakan [Armenian–Italian Dictionary], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, page 401b
Ġazarean, Ṙubēn (2000) “դդում”, in G. B. Tʻosunean, editor, Grabari baṙaran [Dictionary of Old Armenian] (in Armenian), volume I, Yerevan: University Press, page 358a
Petrosean, Matatʻeay (1879) “դդում”, in Nor Baṙagirkʻ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, page 137b
Seidel, Ernst (1908) Mechithar’s, des Meisterarztes aus Her, ‘Trost bei Fiebern’: nach dem Venediger Druck vom Jahre 1832 zum ersten Male aus dem Mittelarmenischen übersetzt und erläutert (in German), Leipzig: Verlag von Johann Ambrosius Barth, § 36, page 121
