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Usually considered a word of unknown origin,[1][2][3] but most likely an Iranian borrowing and literally meaning "the singing bird": compare Avestan𐬐𐬀𐬭𐬀𐬞𐬀𐬥(karapan, “anti-Zoroastrian priest, incantator?”), Khwarezmian(krb-, “to moan, mumble, babble”), Sanskritकृपते(kṛpate, “to lament, mourn”).[4][5] For the sense development compare swan song and the derivation of swan from *swenh₂-(“to sound”).
the instrumental singular and the genitive/dative/instrumental plural are not attested, which does not allow determining whether the word followed an i-type or an i-a-type declension
^ Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1973) “կարապ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume II, Yerevan: University Press, page 545ab
^ Greppin, John A. C. (1978) Classical and Middle Armenian bird names: A linguistic, taxonomic, and mythological study, Delmar, New York: Caravan Books, page 27
^ Olsen, Birgit Anette (1999) The noun in Biblical Armenian: origin and word-formation: with special emphasis on the Indo-European heritage (Trends in linguistics. Studies and monographs; 119), Berlin, New York: Mouton de Gruyter, page 939
^ Bailey, H. W. (1979) Dictionary of Khotan Saka, Cambridge, London, New York, Melbourne: Cambridge University press, page 65a
^ Cheung, Johnny (2007) Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 241, without the Armenian
^ Zēytʻunean A. S., editor (1993), Girkʻ Łewtacʻwocʻ [Book of Leviticus] (Hay hnaguyn tʻargmanakan hušarjanner; 4), Antelias: Holy See of Cilicia, critical text, page 85
