עבר

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Aramaic

Verb

עבר • (ʿāḇar)

  1. to pass over, to cross over

Hebrew

Root
ע־ב־ר (ʿ-b-r)

Etymology

Cognate to Arabic عَبَرَ (ʕabara).

Pronunciation

  • Audio:(file)

Verb

עָבַר • (ʕɔḇar, avár) (pa'al construction)

  1. (transitive) to pass, to cross
  2. (intransitive, of time) to pass
    • 2008, Aya Korem (lyrics and music), “אוטוביוגרפיה [Otobiyográfya, Autobiography]”, in שפה זרה [Safá zará, Foreign Language]:
      עברו שלושה שבועות ושלחתי מכתב
      כדי שאמא תדע מה קרה
      Avrú shloshá shavu'ót veshalákhti mikhtáv
      Kedéi she'íma tedá ma kará
      Three weeks passed and I sent a letter
      So that my mother would know what happened.
  3. (transitive, of time) to spend, to pass
    • 2011, Nathan Goshen (lyrics and music), “לילות [Leilót, Nights]”:
      לילות עברתי בלעדייך
      Leilót avárti bil'adáyich
      I spent nights without you
  4. (transitive) to pass, to not fail a test
    הצלחתי לעבור את המבחן כי למדתי.
    hitslákhti la'avór ét hamivkhán kí lamád'ti.
    I managed to pass the test because I studied.
  5. (intransitive) to move (change residence)
    הם עברו לעיר שגרתי בה. ― hém avrú la'ír shegárti báh. ― They moved to the city I lived in.
    לא רוצים לעבור לשעון קיץ במדינות רבות.
    lo rotsím la'avór lesha'ón káyits bimdinót rabót.
    People do not want to change (lit. move) to summer time in many countries.
  6. (transitive) to undergo, experience, be subjected to
    אני עובר ניתוח ביום שני.
    aní ovér nitúakh beyóm shení.
    I'm having surgery on Monday.
    היא עברה תקיפה מינית.
    hi avrá tkifá minít.
    She was sexually assaulted.

Conjugation

Conjugation of עָבַר (see also Appendix:Hebrew verbs) 
non-finite forms
finite forms singular plural
m. f. m. f.
past first עָבַרְתִּי עָבַרְנוּ
second עָבַרְתָּ עָבַרְתְּ עֲבַרְתֶּם1 עֲבַרְתֶּן1
third עָבַר עָבְרָה עָבְרוּ
present עוֹבֵר עוֹבֶרֶת עוֹבְרִים עוֹבְרוֹת
future first אעבור / אֶעֱבֹר נעבור / נַעֲבֹר
second תעבור / תַּעֲבֹר תַּעַבְרִי תַּעַבְרוּ תעבורנה / תַּעֲבֹרְנָה2
third יעבור / יַעֲבֹר תעבור / תַּעֲבֹר יַעַבְרוּ תעבורנה / תַּעֲבֹרְנָה2
imperative עבור / עֲבֹר עִבְרִי עִבְרוּ עבורנה / עֲבֹרְנָה2
notes
  1. Pronounced עָבַרְתֶּם and עָבַרְתֶּן in informal Modern Hebrew.
  2. Rare in Modern Hebrew.

Noun

עָבָר • (avár) m (no plural forms, singular construct עֲבַר־)

  1. The past.

Noun

עֵבֶר • ('éver) m

  1. side, direction, way
  2. (Biblical Hebrew, usually in the construct state and with a preposition) the other side , the region beyond or across from
    • Tanach, Deuteronomy 1:1, with translation of the Jewish Publication Society:
      אֵלֶּה הַדְּבָרִים אֲשֶׁר דִּבֶּר מֹשֶׁה אֶל־כׇּל־יִשְׂרָאֵל בְּעֵבֶר הַיַּרְדֵּן
      'éle had'varím 'ashér dibér moshé 'el-kol-yisra'él b'éver hayardén
      ʾḗlle haddəḇārīm ʾăšer dibbēr mōše ʾel-kol-yiśrāʾēl bəʿḗḇer hayyardēn
      These are the words which Moses spoke unto all Israel beyond the Jordan

Derived terms

Noun

עֻבָּר • ('ubar) m

  1. defective spelling of עובר (“embryo, unborn baby”)

Verb

עִבֵּר • (ʿibēr/'iber) (pi'el construction)

  1. defective spelling of עיבר

Proper noun

עֵבֶר • ('éver) m

  1. (biblical) Eber

Derived terms

Further reading

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