פשע

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Hebrew

Etymology 1

Root
פ־שׁ־ע (p-sh-ʿ)

Compare Ugaritic 𐎔𐎌𐎓 (pšʿ, “rebellion, transgression”).

Pronunciation

Noun

פֶּשַׁע • (pésha, pɛ́šaʕ) m (plural indefinite פְּשָׁעִים, singular construct פֶּשַׁע־, plural construct פִּשְׁעֵי־)

  1. felony, transgression
    • Tanach, Proverbs 29:6, with translation of the Jewish Publication Society:
      בְּפֶשַׁע אִישׁ רָע מוֹקֵשׁ וְצַדִּיק יָרוּן וְשָׂמֵחַ׃
      bəp̄ɛ́šaʕ ʔiš rɔʕ moqeš wəṣaddiq yɔrun wəśɔméaḥ
      In the transgression of an evil man there is a snare; but the righteous doth sing and rejoice.
  2. (Jewish law) a rebellious sin, done for the purpose of opposing God and not for its own benefit
    • a. 500 C.E., Babylonian Talmud, Yoma 36:b:
      פשעים אלו המרדים וכן הוא אומר (מלכים ב ג, ז) מלך מואב פשע בי
      P'sha'im are rebellious, and that's why it says in II Kings 3:7, "The king of Moab rebelled against me"
Declension
Declension of פֶּשַׁע
Number Isolated forms With possessive pronouns
State Form Person singular plural
m. f. m. f.
singular indefinite פֶּשַׁע first פִּשְׁעִי פִּשְׁעֵנוּ
definite הַפֶּשַׁע second פִּשְׁעֲךָ פִּשְׁעֵךְ פִּשְׁעֲכֶם פִּשְׁעֲכֶן
construct פֶּשַׁע־ third פִּשְׁעוֹ פִּשְׁעָהּ פִּשְׁעָם פִּשְׁעָן
plural indefinite פְּשָׁעִים first פשעיי / פְּשָׁעַי פְּשָׁעֵינוּ
definite הַפְּשָׁעִים second פְּשָׁעֶיךָ פשעייך / פְּשָׁעַיִךְ פִּשְׁעֵיכֶם פִּשְׁעֵיכֶן
construct פִּשְׁעֵי־ third פְּשָׁעָיו פְּשָׁעֶיהָ פִּשְׁעֵיהֶם פִּשְׁעֵיהֶן
Derived terms
References

Verb

פָּשַׁע • (pashá') (pa'al construction)

  1. to commit a crime
Conjugation
Conjugation of פָּשַׁע (see also Appendix:Hebrew verbs) 
non-finite forms
finite forms singular plural
m. f. m. f.
past first פָּשַׁעְתִּי פָּשַׁעְנוּ
second פָּשַׁעְתָּ פָּשַׁעְתְּ פְּשַׁעְתֶּם1 פְּשַׁעְתֶּן1
third פָּשַׁע פָּשְׁעָה פָּשְׁעוּ
present פּוֹשֵׁעַ פּוֹשַׁעַת פּוֹשְׁעִים פּוֹשְׁעוֹת
future first אֶפְשַׁע נִפְשַׁע
second תִּפְשַׁע תִּפְשְׁעִי תִּפְשְׁעוּ תִּפְשַׁעְנָה2
third יִפְשַׁע תִּפְשַׁע יִפְשְׁעוּ תִּפְשַׁעְנָה2
imperative פְּשַׁע פִּשְׁעִי פִּשְׁעוּ פְּשַׁעְנָה2
notes
  1. Pronounced פָּשַׁעְתֶּם and פָּשַׁעְתֶּן in informal Modern Hebrew.
  2. Rare in Modern Hebrew.

Etymology 2

Root
פ־שׂ־ע (p-s-ʿ)

Noun

פֶּשַׂע • (pésa') m (plural indefinite פְּשָׂעִים, singular construct פֶּשַׂע־, plural construct פִּשְׂעֵי־)

  1. pace, step
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