گربه

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Persian

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Alternative forms

Etymology

From Middle Persian (gwlbk' /⁠gurbag⁠/, cat), from Proto-Iranian *wr̥pa-ka-,[1] ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₂wl̥pís.[2][3] Compare Lithuanian vilpišys (wildcat), Latin vulpes (fox). Perhaps anciently related to روباه (rubâh, fox); see there for more.

Pronunciation

Readings
Classical reading? gurba
Dari reading? gurba
Iranian reading? gorbe
Tajik reading? gurba
  • Audio (Iran):(file)

Noun

Dari پشک
Iranian Persian گربه
Tajik гурба, пишак

گُرْبِه (gorbe) (plural گربه‌ها (gorbe-hâ) or گربگان (gorbegân))

  1. cat
    • c. 1060, Nāṣir-i Khusraw, Safarnāma [Book of Travels]‎:
      و آن جا زنان را علتی می‌افتد به اوقات که چون مصروعی دو سه بار بانگ کنند و باز به هوش آیند و در خراسان شنیده بودم که جزیره‌ای است که زنان آن جا چون گربگان به فریاد می‌آیند و آن بر این گونه است که ذکر رفت.
      w-ān jā zanān rā ilatē mē-uftad ba awqāt ki čōn masrū'ē du si bār bāng kunand u bāz ba hōš āyand u dar xurāsān šunīda būdam ki jazīra'ē ast ki zanān ān jā čōn gurbagān ba faryād mē-āyand u ān bar īn gōna ast ki zikr raft.
      And there, a disease comes upon women from time to time so that they cry out like an epileptic two or three times, then return to sanity again. And in Khurasan, I had heard that there is an island whose women scream like cats. That is the same sort of thing as what has been mentioned.

Derived terms

Descendants

  • Hindustani:
    Hindi: गुर्बा (gurbā)
    Urdu: گربہ (gurbā)

References

  1. ^ Cathcart, Chundra A. (2022) “Dialectal layers in West Iranian: a Hierarchical Dirichlet Process Approach to Linguistic Relationships”, in Transactions of the Philological Society, volume 12, number 1, →DOI
  2. ^ De Vann, Michiel (2000) “The Indo-Iranian animal suffix *-āćá-”, in Indo-Iranian Journal, volume 43, number 3, →DOI
  3. ^ Holopainen, Sampsa (2019) Indo-Iranian Borrowings in Uralic: Critical overview of the sound substitutions and distribution criterion, University of Helsinki (PhD)