アルコール

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Japanese

Alternative spelling
酒精 (obsolete)
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Etymology

/arukohoru/ → /arukoːru/

Borrowed from Dutch alcohol,[1][2][3][4][5] initially borrowed and pronounced as アルコホル (arukohoru) with evidence of a phonetic kanji spelling as 亜(あ)爾(る)箇(こ)保(ほ)児(る) (arukohoru).[6] The medial /h/ appears to have fallen out due to historical kana orthography-induced spelling pronunciation (ho→wo→o), in the manner of the evolution of 凍(こほ)る (kōru). Compare French alcool, Italian alcol, Portuguese álcool, where Romance languages also lost the medial /h/.

Pronunciation

Noun

アルコール • (arukōru) 

  1. (organic chemistry) an alcohol
    Synonym: 酒精 (shusei)
  2. alcohol (intoxicating beverage)
    Synonym: 酒 (sake)
    • 1996 February 20 [1988 February 15], Mitsuru Adachi, “テイク・オフ [Take Off]”, in SHORT(ショート) PROGRAM(プログラム) [Short Program], 25th edition, volume 1 (fiction), Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN, page 104:
      ビール飲(の)むか？
      Bīru nomu ka?
      Want some beer?
      いや、アルコールはダメなんだ。
      Iya, arukōru wa dame na n da.
      No, I can’t really drink alcohol.

Derived terms

Descendants

  • → Pohnpeian: ahrkohl

References

  1. ^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  2. ^ Matsumura, Akira (1995) 大辞泉 [Daijisen] (in Japanese), First edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  6. ^ 2003, Dokkyo University, Chika Tonegawa, Zeitlicher Hintergrund von japanischen Fremdwörtern, Edo-Zeit (“Chronological Background of Japanese Loanwords, Edo Period”, in German and Japanese, accessed 2018-11-06)
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