五胡十六國
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Chinese
| the Five Barbarians | the Sixteen Kingdoms | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (五胡十六國) | 五胡 | 十六國 | |
| simp. (五胡十六国) | 五胡 | 十六国 | |
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄨˇ ㄏㄨˊ ㄕˊ ㄌㄧㄡˋ ㄍㄨㄛˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: Wǔhú Shíhliòu Guó
- Wade–Giles: Wu3-hu2 Shih2-liu4 Kuo2
- Yale: Wǔ-hú Shŕ-lyòu Gwó
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Wuuhwu Shyrliow Gwo
- Palladius: Уху Шилю Го (Uxu Šilju Go)
- Sinological IPA (key): /u²¹⁴⁻²¹ xu³⁵ ʂʐ̩³⁵ li̯oʊ̯⁵¹ ku̯ɔ³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: ng5 wu4 sap6 luk6 gwok3
- Yale: ńgh wùh sahp luhk gwok
- Cantonese Pinyin: ng5 wu4 sap9 luk9 gwok8
- Guangdong Romanization: ng5 wu4 seb6 lug6 guog3
- Sinological IPA (key): /ŋ̍¹³ wuː²¹ sɐp̚² lʊk̚² kʷɔːk̚³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
Proper noun
五胡十六國
- (history) Sixteen Kingdoms (304-439)
Usage notes
The Sixteen Kingdoms that existed between 304 and 439 are 前涼／前凉 (Qiánliáng), 後涼／后凉 (Hòuliáng), 南涼／南凉 (Nánliáng), 西涼／西凉 (Xīliáng), 北涼／北凉 (Běiliáng), 前趙／前赵 (Qiánzhào), 後趙／后赵 (Hòuzhào), 前秦 (Qián Qín), 後秦／后秦 (Hòuqín), 西秦 (Xīqín), 前燕 (Qiányān), 後燕／后燕 (Hòuyān), 南燕 (Nányān), 北燕 (Běiyān), 夏 (xià), and 成漢／成汉 (Chénghàn).