観察

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Japanese

Kanji in this term
観 察
かん
Grade: 4 		さつ
Grade: 4
on'yomi
Alternative spelling
觀察 (kyūjitai)

Pronunciation

Noun

観(かん)察(さつ) • (kansatsu) 

  1. observation
    科学(かがく)は観察(かんさつ)に基(もと)づいている
    kagaku wa kansatsu ni motozuiteiru
    Science rests upon observation

Verb

観(かん)察(さつ)する • (kansatsu suru) transitive suru (stem 観(かん)察(さつ)し (kansatsu shi), past 観(かん)察(さつ)した (kansatsu shita))

  1. observe
    その少年(しょうねん)は植物(しょくぶつ)の成長(せいちょう)を観察(かんさつ)した
    sono shōnen wa shokubutsu no seichō o kansatsushita
    The boy observed the growth of the plant

Derived terms

Conjugation

Conjugation of "観察する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective") 観察し かんさつし kansatsu shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") 観察し かんさつし kansatsu shi
Shūshikei ("terminal") 観察する かんさつする kansatsu suru
Rentaikei ("attributive") 観察する かんさつする kansatsu suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical") 観察すれ かんさつすれ kansatsu sure
Meireikei ("imperative") 観察せよ¹
観察しろ² 		かんさつせよ¹
かんさつしろ² 		kansatsu seyo¹
kansatsu shiro²
Key constructions
Passive 観察される かんさつされる kansatsu sareru
Causative 観察させる
観察さす 		かんさつさせる
かんさつさす 		kansatsu saseru
kansatsu sasu
Potential 観察できる かんさつできる kansatsu dekiru
Volitional 観察しよう かんさつしよう kansatsu shiyō
Negative 観察しない かんさつしない kansatsu shinai
Negative continuative 観察せず かんさつせず kansatsu sezu
Formal 観察します かんさつします kansatsu shimasu
Perfective 観察した かんさつした kansatsu shita
Conjunctive 観察して かんさつして kansatsu shite
Hypothetical conditional 観察すれば かんさつすれば kansatsu sureba
¹ Written imperative

² Spoken imperative

References

  1. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
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