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First attested in the Gugeupganibang eonhae (救急簡易方諺解 / 구급간이방언해), 1489, as Middle Koreanᄇᆞᆰ〯쥐〮 (Yale: pǒlk-cwúy), seemingly a compound of some *ᄇᆞᆰ〯(*pǒlk) + 쥐〮(cwúy, “rat”).
The first compound is commonly theorized to be ᄇᆞᆰ(pòlk-, “to be bright”), possibly reflecting a belief (prior to the discovery of echolocation) that bats had bright eyes that allowed them to fly in the dark. However, the tones do not match, making the connection somewhat dubious.
