écarteler

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French

Etymology

Inherited from Old French esquarterer, with dissimilation. Related to quartier.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /e.kaʁ.tə.le/
  • Audio:(file)

Verb

écarteler

  1. (transitive) to draw and quarter (to execute by pulling the victim's limbs in different directions; to pull a body apart by the four limbs)
    Near-synonym: démembrer
  2. (heraldry) to divide a shield into four parts

Conjugation

This verb is conjugated like parler, except the -e- /ə/ of the second-to-last syllable becomes -è- /ɛ/ when the next vowel is a silent or schwa -e-, as in the third-person singular present indicative il écartèle and the third-person singular future indicative il écartèlera.

Conjugation of écarteler (see also Appendix:French verbs)
infinitive simple écarteler
compound avoir + past participle
present participle or gerund1 simple écartelant
/e.kaʁ.tə.lɑ̃/
compound ayant + past participle
past participle écartelé
/e.kaʁ.tə.le/
singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative je (j’) tu il, elle, on nous vous ils, elles
(simple
tenses) 		present écartèle
/e.kaʁ.tɛl/ 		écartèles
/e.kaʁ.tɛl/ 		écartèle
/e.kaʁ.tɛl/ 		écartelons
/e.kaʁ.tə.lɔ̃/ 		écartelez
/e.kaʁ.tə.le/ 		écartèlent
/e.kaʁ.tɛl/
imperfect écartelais
/e.kaʁ.tə.lɛ/ 		écartelais
/e.kaʁ.tə.lɛ/ 		écartelait
/e.kaʁ.tə.lɛ/ 		écartelions
/e.kaʁ.tə.ljɔ̃/ 		écarteliez
/e.kaʁ.tə.lje/ 		écartelaient
/e.kaʁ.tə.lɛ/
past historic2 écartelai
/e.kaʁ.tə.le/ 		écartelas
/e.kaʁ.tə.la/ 		écartela
/e.kaʁ.tə.la/ 		écartelâmes
/e.kaʁ.tə.lam/ 		écartelâtes
/e.kaʁ.tə.lat/ 		écartelèrent
/e.kaʁ.tə.lɛʁ/
future écartèlerai
/e.kaʁ.tɛl.ʁe/ 		écartèleras
/e.kaʁ.tɛl.ʁa/ 		écartèlera
/e.kaʁ.tɛl.ʁa/ 		écartèlerons
/e.kaʁ.tɛl.ʁɔ̃/ 		écartèlerez
/e.kaʁ.tɛl.ʁe/ 		écartèleront
/e.kaʁ.tɛl.ʁɔ̃/
conditional écartèlerais
/e.kaʁ.tɛl.ʁɛ/ 		écartèlerais
/e.kaʁ.tɛl.ʁɛ/ 		écartèlerait
/e.kaʁ.tɛl.ʁɛ/ 		écartèlerions
/e.kaʁ.tɛ.lə.ʁjɔ̃/ or /e.kaʁ.te.lə.ʁjɔ̃/ 		écartèleriez
/e.kaʁ.tɛ.lə.ʁje/ or /e.kaʁ.te.lə.ʁje/ 		écartèleraient
/e.kaʁ.tɛl.ʁɛ/
(compound
tenses) 		present perfect present indicative of avoir + past participle
pluperfect imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
past anterior2 past historic of avoir + past participle
future perfect future of avoir + past participle
conditional perfect conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive que je (j’) que tu qu’il, qu’elle que nous que vous qu’ils, qu’elles
(simple
tenses) 		present écartèle
/e.kaʁ.tɛl/ 		écartèles
/e.kaʁ.tɛl/ 		écartèle
/e.kaʁ.tɛl/ 		écartelions
/e.kaʁ.tə.ljɔ̃/ 		écarteliez
/e.kaʁ.tə.lje/ 		écartèlent
/e.kaʁ.tɛl/
imperfect2 écartelasse
/e.kaʁ.tə.las/ 		écartelasses
/e.kaʁ.tə.las/ 		écartelât
/e.kaʁ.tə.la/ 		écartelassions
/e.kaʁ.tə.la.sjɔ̃/ 		écartelassiez
/e.kaʁ.tə.la.sje/ 		écartelassent
/e.kaʁ.tə.las/
(compound
tenses) 		past present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
pluperfect2 imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative – tu – nous vous –
simple — écartèle
/e.kaʁ.tɛl/ 		— écartelons
/e.kaʁ.tə.lɔ̃/ 		écartelez
/e.kaʁ.tə.le/ 		—
compound — simple imperative of avoir + past participle — simple imperative of avoir + past participle simple imperative of avoir + past participle —
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en.
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
  • past historic → present perfect
  • past anterior → pluperfect
  • imperfect subjunctive → present subjunctive
  • pluperfect subjunctive → past subjunctive

(Christopher Kendris , Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81).

Derived terms

See also

Further reading

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