îepotar

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Old Tupi

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key):
  • Rhymes: -aɾ
  • Hyphenation: îe‧po‧tar

Verb

îepotar (first-person singular active indicative aîepotar, first-person singular negative active indicative n'aîepotari, noun îepotara) (intransitive)

  1. to arrive by water[1]
    • 16th century, Joseph of Anchieta, compiled by Eduardo de Almeida Navarro and Helder Perri Ferreira, Poemas: lírica portuguesa e tupi (Poetas do Brasil; 5), 2nd edition, São Paulo: Martins Fontes, published 2004, →ISBN, page 156:
      (please add the primary text of this quotation)
      [Koromõ ipó eregûatá xe rekoápe, eîepotáne.]
      Soon, certainly, you'll pass by the place I live, arriving.
  2. to stick; to adhere[2]
    Synonym: îar
  3. to spread [3]
    Synonym: îepotabẽ

Usage notes

  • Old Tupi had three distinct verbs that translated to arrive, depending on the route taken: gûasem or syk when arriving by land and îepotar when arriving by water. With the evolution of the language and further contact with Portuguese, syk took the role of gûasem in Língua Geral, and by the 19th century the land–water difference no more existed.

Conjugation

    Conjugation of îepotar (intransitive, Î-starting, R-ending) (See Appendix:Old Tupi verbs)
Note: not all forms are attested, most of the table is reconstructed based on known patterns.
Causative moîepotar
Causative-comitative eroîepotar
Deverbals
-ba'e oîepotaryba'e
-sab(a) îepotasaba / îepotaraba
-sar(a) îepotasara / îepotarara
Singular Singular & Plural Plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person exclusive 1st person inclusive 2nd person
Verbal forms
Active
Indicative aîepotar ereîepotar oîepotar oroîepotar îaîepotar peîepotar
Permissive t'aîepotar t'ereîepotar t'oîepotar t'oroîepotar t'îaîepotar ta peîepotar
Imperative eîepotar peîepotar
Negative indicative n'aîepotari n'ereîepotari n'oîepotari n'oroîepotari n'îaîepotari na peîepotari
Negative permissive t'aîepotar umẽ t'ereîepotar umẽ t'oîepotar umẽ t'oroîepotar umẽ t'îaîepotar umẽ ta peîepotar umẽ
Negative imperative eîepotar umẽ peîepotar umẽ
Gerund
Affirmative gûiîepotá eîepotá oîepotá oroîepotá îaîepotá peîepotá
Negative gûiîepotare'yma eîepotare'yma oîepotare'yma oroîepotare'yma îaîepotare'yma peîepotare'yma
Nominal forms
Infinitive
Affirmative îepotara
Negative îepotare'yma
Circumstantial
Affirmative xe îepotari i îepotari oré îepotari îandé îepotari
Negative xe îepotare'ymi i îepotare'ymi oré îepotare'ymi îandé îepotare'ymi

Derived terms

References

  1. ^ anonymous author (1622) “Chegar o que caminha por mar”, in Vocabulario na lingoa Braſilica (overall work in Portuguese), Piratininga; republished as Carlos Drummond, editor, Vocabulário na Língua Brasílica, 2nd edition, volume 1, São Paulo: USP, 1953, page 72: “Aiepotar [Aîepotar]”
  2. ^ anonymous author (1622) “Soldar por si”, in Vocabulario na lingoa Braſilica (overall work in Portuguese), Piratininga; republished as Carlos Drummond, editor, Vocabulário na Língua Brasílica, 2nd edition, volume 2, São Paulo: USP, 1953, page 120: “Ajepotar [Aîepotar]”
  3. ^ anonymous author (1622) “Apegar-se como o fogo ou doença”, in Vocabulario na lingoa Braſilica (overall work in Portuguese), Piratininga; republished as Carlos Drummond, editor, Vocabulário na Língua Brasílica, 2nd edition, volume 1, São Paulo: USP, 1953, page 38: “Aiepotar (rece) [Aîepotar (resé)]”
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