Πλειάδες
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Ancient Greek
Alternative forms
- Πληϊάδες (Plēïádes) — Epic, Ionic
- Πληΐαδες (Plēḯades) — Aeolic
- Πελειάδες (Peleiádes) — influenced by πελειάς (peleiás, “dove”)
Etymology
Apparently from πλέω (pléō, “to sail”) because of the star cluster’s importance in delimiting the sailing season in the Mediterranean Sea: "the season of navigation began with their heliacal rising".[1] The mythological sisters were probably named after the star cluster, rather than vice versa.
The singular Πλειάς (Pleiás) is sometimes found referring to the star cluster.
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /pleː.á.des/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /pliˈa.des/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /pliˈa.ðes/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /pliˈa.ðes/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /pliˈa.ðes/
Proper noun
Πλειάδες • (Pleiádes) f pl (genitive Πλειάδων); third declension
- (astronomy) Pleiades (star cluster)
- (Greek mythology) Pleiades (seven daughters of Atlas and Pleione)
Declension
| Case / # | Plural | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | αἱ Πλειᾰ́δες hai Pleiádes | ||||||||||||
| Genitive | τῶν Πλειᾰ́δων tôn Pleiádōn | ||||||||||||
| Dative | ταῖς Πλειᾰ́σῐ / Πλειᾰ́σῐν taîs Pleiási(n) | ||||||||||||
| Accusative | τᾱ̀ς Πλειᾰ́δᾰς tā̀s Pleiádas | ||||||||||||
| Vocative | Πλειᾰ́δες Pleiádes | ||||||||||||
| Notes: |
| ||||||||||||
Hyponyms
Descendants
Descendants
- Greek: Πλειάδες (Pleiádes)
- → Asturian: Pléyades
- → Basque: Pleiade
- → Breton: Pleiadezed
- → Bulgarian: Плеяди (Plejadi)
- → Catalan: Plèiades
- → Mandarin: 普勒阿得斯 (Pǔlè'ādésī)
- → Czech: Plejády
- → Danish: Plejaderne
- → Dutch: Pleiaden
- → Esperanto: Plejadoj
- → Estonian: Plejaadid
- → Finnish: Plejadit, plejadi
- → French: Pléiades
- → Galician: Pléiades
- → Georgian: პლეადები (ṗleadebi)
- → German: Plejaden
- → Hebrew: פְּלִיאָדוֹת (Pliadót)
- → Hungarian: pleiaszok, Plejádok
- → Ido: Pleyado
- → Italian: Pleiadi
- → Japanese: プレイアデス (Pureiadesu)
- → Korean: 플레이아데스 (Peulleiadeseu)
- → Latin: Plēiadēs
- → Latvian: Plejādes
- → Lithuanian: Plejadės
- → Luxembourgish: Pleiaden
- → Norwegian: Pleiadene
- → Occitan: pleiades
- → Polish: plejada, Plejady
- → Portuguese: Plêiades
- → Romanian: Pleiada
- → Russian: Плея́ды (Plejády)
- → Serbo-Croatian: Plejade
- → Slovak: Plejády
- → Slovene: Plejade
- → Spanish: Pléyades
- → Swedish: Plejaderna
- → Thai: ไพลยาดีส (plaiyaadèet)
- → Ukrainian: Плея́ди (Plejády)
References
- ^ “Pleiad”, in OED Online
, Oxford: Oxford University Press, launched 2000.
Further reading
- “Πλειάδες”, in ΛΟΓΕΙΟΝ Dictionaries for Ancient Greek and Latin (in English, French, Spanish, German, Dutch and Chinese), University of Chicago, since 2011
- “Πλειάδες”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
Greek
Etymology
Ancient Greek Πλειάδες (Pleiádes), possibly from πλέω (pléō, “to sail”), or possibly from a plural of πέλεια (péleia, “dove”).
Pronunciation
Proper noun
Πλειάδες • (Pleiádes) f pl
- (astronomy) Pleiades (star cluster in Taurus)
- (Greek mythology) Pleiades (seven daughters of Atlas and Pleione)
Declension
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | Πλειάδα (Pleiáda) | Πλειάδες (Pleiádes) |
| genitive | Πλειάδας (Pleiádas) | Πλειάδων (Pleiádon) |
| accusative | Πλειάδα (Pleiáda) | Πλειάδες (Pleiádes) |
| vocative | Πλειάδα (Pleiáda) | Πλειάδες (Pleiádes) |
Hyponyms
References
- Oxford English Dictionary, 1884–1928, and First Supplement, 1933.