γράβιον

Ancient Greek

From a non-Indo-European Balkan substrate word meaning "beech, oak", found also in Greek γάβρος (gávros, “hornbeam”), Ancient Greek κράββατος (krábbatos, “couch, mattress”), Russian граб (grab, “hornbeam”), and Old Prussian wosigrabis. Furnée further compares γοβρίαι (gobríai, “torches”), which cannot be ignored.^[1]

γρᾰ́βῐον • (grábion) n (genitive γρᾰβῐ́ου); second declension

torch, brand
Synonyms: γρῡνός (grūnós), δαΐς (daḯs), δᾰ́ος (dáos), ἑλένη (helénē), λαμπάς (lampás), λοφνίς (lophnís), πανός (panós), πυρσός (pursós), φανή (phanḗ), φρῠκτός (phruktós)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	τὸ γρᾰ́βῐον tò grábion	τὼ γρᾰβῐ́ω tṑ grabíō	τᾰ̀ γρᾰ́βῐᾰ tà grábia
Genitive	τοῦ γρᾰβῐ́ου toû grabíou	τοῖν γρᾰβῐ́οιν toîn grabíoin	τῶν γρᾰβῐ́ων tôn grabíōn
Dative	τῷ γρᾰβῐ́ῳ tôi grabíōi	τοῖν γρᾰβῐ́οιν toîn grabíoin	τοῖς γρᾰβῐ́οις toîs grabíois
Accusative	τὸ γρᾰ́βῐον tò grábion	τὼ γρᾰβῐ́ω tṑ grabíō	τᾰ̀ γρᾰ́βῐᾰ tà grábia
Vocative	γρᾰ́βῐον grábion	γρᾰβῐ́ω grabíō	γρᾰ́βῐᾰ grábia
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “γράβιον”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 284