γύαλον

Ancient Greek

Etymology

For the formation, one might compare ἀγκάλη (ankálē, “bent arm”) and ὀμφαλός (omphalós, “navel”). The word is generally connected with γυῖον (guîon, “hand”) and γύης (gúēs, “earth”), so it may derive either from Proto-Indo-European *gew- (“hand”) or from Proto-Indo-European *gew(H)- (“to bend”)^[1] (which are either identical or have been conflated early in Indo-European).

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /ɡý.a.lon/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈɡy.a.lon/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈʝy.a.lon/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈʝy.a.lon/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈʝi.a.lon/

Noun

γῠ́ᾰλον • (gúalon) n (genitive γῠᾰ́λου); second declension

hollow of the cuirass
hollow of a vessel
hollow of a rock, cave
(in the plural) vales, dells

Inflection

Second declension of τὸ γῠ́ᾰλον; τοῦ γῠᾰ́λου (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	τὸ γῠ́ᾰλον tò gúalon	τὼ γῠᾰ́λω tṑ guálō	τᾰ̀ γῠ́ᾰλᾰ tà gúala
Genitive	τοῦ γῠᾰ́λου toû guálou	τοῖν γῠᾰ́λοιν toîn guáloin	τῶν γῠᾰ́λων tôn guálōn
Dative	τῷ γῠᾰ́λῳ tôi guálōi	τοῖν γῠᾰ́λοιν toîn guáloin	τοῖς γῠᾰ́λοις toîs guálois
Accusative	τὸ γῠ́ᾰλον tò gúalon	τὼ γῠᾰ́λω tṑ guálō	τᾰ̀ γῠ́ᾰλᾰ tà gúala
Vocative	γῠ́ᾰλον gúalon	γῠᾰ́λω guálō	γῠ́ᾰλᾰ gúala
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

γυάλας (guálas)
γυαλοθώραξ (gualothṓrax)
γύαλος (gúalos)

References

^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “γύαλον”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 289-90

“γύαλον”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
“γύαλον”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
“γύαλον”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
γύαλον in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
γύαλον in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2024)

[1] Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “γύαλον”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 289-90

[1]

γύαλον

Ancient Greek

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Inflection

Derived terms

References

Further reading

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