θεοτόκος

See also: Θεοτόκος

Ancient Greek

Etymology

Compound of θεο- (theo-, “god”) +‎ -τόκος (-tókos, “who bears, gives birth”) from θεός m (theós) & τόκος m (tókos, “bith”) (< τίκτω (tíktō, “bear”), by ellipsis of a noun like γῆ f (gê, “land, country”). Probably a translation from an Egyptian epithet with sense "birthplace of every god".^[1] The usage of the word in non-christian sense -for which, see Θεοτόκος (Theotókos)- is unusal.^[2]

Pronunciation

(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /θe.oˈto.kos/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /θe.oˈto.kos/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /θe.oˈto.kos/

Adjective

θεοτόκος • (theotókos) (Koine, in papyrous)

(of a land) which gives birth to gods
- POxy 3rd century CE - Oxyrhynchus Papyri, XXII 2332, 50‑52, Egypt, between 250‑299 CE^[3] ^[4]:
  ὁ ἀγαθὸς δαίμων καταλείψει τὴν κτιζομένην πόλειν καὶ ἀπελεύσεται εἰς τὴν θεοτόκον Μέμφειν^{[Μέμφιν]}
  ho agathòs daímōn kataleípsei tḕn ktizoménēn pólein kaì apeleúsetai eis tḕn theotókon Mémphin^[Mémphin]
  the benevolent daemon will abandon the city which is being founded and will arrive at god-bearing Memphis
for the sense "Virgin Mary" see Θεοτόκος (Theotókos, “Mother of God; Theotokos”), (Koine, first attested at w:Origen)

Inflection

Second declension of θεοτόκος; θεοτόκον (expected declension, Koine)

Number	Singular		Dual		Plural
Case/Gender	Masculine / Feminine	Neuter	Masculine / Feminine	Neuter	Masculine / Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	θεοτόκος theotókos	θεοτόκον theotókon	θεοτόκω theotókō	θεοτόκω theotókō	θεοτόκοι theotókoi	θεοτόκᾰ theotóka
Genitive	θεοτόκου theotókou	θεοτόκου theotókou	θεοτόκοιν theotókoin	θεοτόκοιν theotókoin	θεοτόκων theotókōn	θεοτόκων theotókōn
Dative	θεοτόκῳ theotókōi	θεοτόκῳ theotókōi	θεοτόκοιν theotókoin	θεοτόκοιν theotókoin	θεοτόκοις theotókois	θεοτόκοις theotókois
Accusative	θεοτόκον theotókon	θεοτόκον theotókon	θεοτόκω theotókō	θεοτόκω theotókō	θεοτόκους theotókous	θεοτόκᾰ theotóka
Vocative	θεοτόκε theotóke	θεοτόκον theotókon	θεοτόκω theotókō	θεοτόκω theotókō	θεοτόκοι theotókoi	θεοτόκᾰ theotóka

References

^ Koenen, L., 2002. "Die Apologie des Töpfers an König Amenophis oder das Töpferorakel", in A. Blasius, B. U. Schipper (ed.), Apokalyptik und Ägypten: Eine kritische Analyse der relevanten Texte aus dem griechisch-römischen Ägypten (in German), Leuven, p. 139‑187.
^ Bazzana, G. B. (2018). "The Oracle of the Potter and the 'Apocalyptic Worldview' in Egypt", in Ephemerides Theologicae Lovanienses 92, p. 207‑222.
^ P. Oxy. 22 2332 @papyri.info
^ p.237 pdf - Trnka-Amrhein, Yvona. (2002). "The Alexandria Effect City Foundation in Ptolemaic Culture and the Egyptian Histories of Manetho and Diodorus" in Civilisations de l'Orient, de la Grèce et de Rome antiques, 2002.

[1] Koenen, L., 2002. "Die Apologie des Töpfers an König Amenophis oder das Töpferorakel", in A. Blasius, B. U. Schipper (ed.), Apokalyptik und Ägypten: Eine kritische Analyse der relevanten Texte aus dem griechisch-römischen Ägypten (in German), Leuven, p. 139‑187.

[2] Bazzana, G. B. (2018). "The Oracle of the Potter and the 'Apocalyptic Worldview' in Egypt", in Ephemerides Theologicae Lovanienses 92, p. 207‑222.

[3] P. Oxy. 22 2332 @papyri.info

[4] .237 pdf - Trnka-Amrhein, Yvona. (2002). "The Alexandria Effect City Foundation in Ptolemaic Culture and the Egyptian Histories of Manetho and Diodorus" in Civilisations de l'Orient, de la Grèce et de Rome antiques, 2002.

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