κερασός

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See also: κέρασος

Ancient Greek

κερασός
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Alternative forms

Etymology

A loanword of uncertain origin, either Anatolian or Pre-Greek based on the intervocalic -σ-.[1]

Comparison with Akkadian 𒅗𒅈𒋗 (/⁠karšu⁠/, “a plant, likely a leek”) is rejected by Rosół and Blažek.

Blažek argues that the ultimate source of the word may well be Semitic, e. g. Akkadian 𒄑𒈢𒆳𒊏 (/⁠kamiššaru, kamaššaru, kameššaru⁠/, “pear-tree”) or Classical Syriac ܟܘܡܬܪܐ (kummaṯrā, “pear”), compare the Aramaic borrowing Arabic كُمَّثْرَى (kummaṯrā, “pear”), where it has to be known that Prunus and Pyrus species can be denoted by the same word, for example إِجَّاص (ʔijjāṣ, “pear; plum”) and Old Armenian տանձ (tanj, “pear”) with Classical Syriac ܬܰܢ̈ܓܳܝܳܬܳܐ f pl (tangāyāṯā, “mahaleb cherry”). He argues that assimilation *-mš- > *-š- is attested in several NW Semitic languages of the 2nd millennium BC, and hypothesizes that metathesis *k-(m)š-r- > *k-r-(m)š- might have happened either in an unidentified mediator language or a Semitic donor or (less probably so) in Greek itself. The change *t > š, necessary for the change of Classical Syriac ܟܘܡܬܪܐ (kummaṯrā) to the Greek word, is to be found in Phoenician and early Aramaic.

Blažek also notes that the related cultural term seems to be widespread in Caucasian languages; compare (not to list over a dozen lemmata) Lak ккурмуз (k:urmuz, “(wild) cherry plum”) and Dargwa гимиргьи (gimirhi, “quince”), reconstructed protoform Proto-Northeast Caucasian *ḵurmäśV / *ḵurmäʒ́V (“some kind of fruit”), and possibly Proto-Northwest Caucasian *mǝrǝgʷǝźʷǝ (“some sort of plum or peach”) with metathesis, attested in some Abkhaz compound words.[2]

Pronunciation

 

Noun

κερᾰσός • (kerasós) m (genitive κερᾰσοῦ); second declension

  1. bird cherry, Prunus avium (tree)

Inflection

Second declension of ὁ κερᾰσός; τοῦ κερᾰσοῦ (Attic)
Case / # Singular Dual Plural
Nominative ὁ κερᾰσός
ho kerasós 		τὼ κερᾰσώ
tṑ kerasṓ 		οἱ κερᾰσοί
hoi kerasoí
Genitive τοῦ κερᾰσοῦ
toû kerasoû 		τοῖν κερᾰσοῖν
toîn kerasoîn 		τῶν κερᾰσῶν
tôn kerasôn
Dative τῷ κερᾰσῷ
tôi kerasôi 		τοῖν κερᾰσοῖν
toîn kerasoîn 		τοῖς κερᾰσοῖς
toîs kerasoîs
Accusative τὸν κερᾰσόν
tòn kerasón 		τὼ κερᾰσώ
tṑ kerasṓ 		τοὺς κερᾰσούς
toùs kerasoús
Vocative κερᾰσέ
kerasé 		κερᾰσώ
kerasṓ 		κερᾰσοί
kerasoí
Notes:

Derived terms

Descendants

References

  1. ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “κέρασος”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 677
  2. ^ Blažek, Václav (2014) “Etymologizing ‘unetymologizable’ Greek dendronyms”, in Graeco-Latina Brunensia‎, volume 19, number 1, pages 44–45

Further reading

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