οἶκτος

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Ancient Greek

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /ôi̯k.tos/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈyk.tos/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈyk.tos/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈyk.tos/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈik.tos/

Noun

οἶκτος • (oîktos) m (genitive οἴκτου); second declension

pity, compassion
- 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 2.81:
  οἶκτος δ’ ἕλε λαὸν ἅπαντα
  oîktos d’ héle laòn hápanta
  pity took hold of the entire people
- 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 5.92:
  καὶ τὸν φρασθέντα τοῦτο οἶκτός τις ἴσχει ἀποκτεῖναι
  kaì tòn phrasthénta toûto oîktós tis ískhei apokteînai
  and a certain compassion kept the one saying this from killing
- 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 3.40:
  μηδὲ τρισὶ τοῖς ἀξυμφορωτάτοις τῇ ἀρχῇ, οἴκτῳ καὶ ἡδονῇ λόγων καὶ ἐπιεικείᾳ, ἁμαρτάνειν
  mēdè trisì toîs axumphorōtátois têi arkhêi, oíktōi kaì hēdonêi lógōn kaì epieikeíāi, hamartánein
wailing
- 467 BCE, Aeschylus, Seven Against Thebes 51:
  οἶκτος δ’ οὔτις ἦν διὰ στόμα
  oîktos d’ oútis ên dià stóma
  there was no wailing from a mouth
- 458 BCE, Aeschylus, The Libation Bearers 411:
  τόνδε κλύουσαν οἶκτον
  tónde klúousan oîkton
  hearing this wailing

Synonyms

(pity): ἐλεημοσῠ́νη (eleēmosúnē), ἔλεος (éleos), ἐλεητύς (eleētús), οἰκτιρμός (oiktirmós)

Derived terms

οἰκτίζω (oiktízō)
ἄνοικτος (ánoiktos)

Related terms

οἴζω (oízō)
οἰκτρός (oiktrós)
οἰκτείρω (oikteírō)
οἰκτιρμός (oiktirmós)

References

“οἶκτος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press

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