πραικόκιον

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

βερίκοκκον (beríkokkon), βερικόκκῐον (berikókkĭon)
πραικόκκῐον (praikókkĭon), πρεκόκκῐον (prekókkĭon)

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin praecoquum (“precocious”), variant of praecox (“early-ripe”), apparently because the apricot was considered a "precocious" variant of the peach. βερίκοκκον (beríkokkon) (whence modern Greek βερίκοκο (veríkoko)) is traditionally connected and considered as a variant form; however, the details of its relation to and phonetic development from πραικόκιον (praikókion) are unclear.^[1]

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /prai̯.kó.ki.on/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /prɛˈko.ki.on/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /prɛˈko.ci.on/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /preˈko.ci.on/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /preˈko.ci.on/

Noun

πραικόκῐον • (praikókĭon) n (genitive πραικοκῐ́ου); second declension

apricot

Inflection

Second declension of τὸ πραικόκῐον; τοῦ πραικοκῐ́ου (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	τὸ πραικόκῐον tò praikókĭon	τὼ πραικοκῐ́ω tṑ praikokĭ́ō	τᾰ̀ πραικόκῐᾰ tằ praikókĭă
Genitive	τοῦ πραικοκῐ́ου toû praikokĭ́ou	τοῖν πραικοκῐ́οιν toîn praikokĭ́oin	τῶν πραικοκῐ́ων tôn praikokĭ́ōn
Dative	τῷ πραικοκῐ́ῳ tôi praikokĭ́ōi	τοῖν πραικοκῐ́οιν toîn praikokĭ́oin	τοῖς πραικοκῐ́οις toîs praikokĭ́ois
Accusative	τὸ πραικόκῐον tò praikókĭon	τὼ πραικοκῐ́ω tṑ praikokĭ́ō	τᾰ̀ πραικόκῐᾰ tằ praikókĭă
Vocative	πραικόκῐον praikókĭon	πραικοκῐ́ω praikokĭ́ō	πραικόκῐᾰ praikókĭă
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Descendants

Byzantine Greek: βερικοκκῐ́ᾱ (berikokkĭ́ā), βρεκοκκία (brekokkía)
- → Classical Syriac: ܒܰܪܩܽܘܩܳܐ (barqūqā), ܒܰܪܩܽܘܩܳܝܳܐ (barqūqāyā)
  - → Arabic: برقوق (burqūq, barqūq) (see there for further descendants)

References

^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “βερίκοκκον (> ETYM > πραικόκκιον)”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 211

[1] Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “βερίκοκκον (> ETYM > πραικόκκιον)”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 211

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