σχίσμα

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Ancient Greek

Etymology

From σχίζω (skhízō, “I split”) and the suffix -μα (-ma).

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /skʰíz.ma/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈskʰiz.ma/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈsçiz.ma/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈsçiz.ma/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈsçiz.ma/

Noun

σχῐ́σμᾰ • (skhísma) n (genitive σχῐ́σμᾰτος); third declension

That which is divided: division, rent, split
A division of people based on differing opinions: schism, faction

Inflection

Third declension of τὸ σχῐ́σμᾰ; τοῦ σχῐ́σμᾰτος (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	τὸ σχῐ́σμᾰ tò skhísma	τὼ σχῐ́σμᾰτε tṑ skhísmate	τᾰ̀ σχῐ́σμᾰτᾰ tà skhísmata
Genitive	τοῦ σχῐ́σμᾰτος toû skhísmatos	τοῖν σχῐσμᾰ́τοιν toîn skhismátoin	τῶν σχῐσμᾰ́των tôn skhismátōn
Dative	τῷ σχῐ́σμᾰτῐ tôi skhísmati	τοῖν σχῐσμᾰ́τοιν toîn skhismátoin	τοῖς σχῐ́σμᾰσῐ / σχῐ́σμᾰσῐν toîs skhísmasi(n)
Accusative	τὸ σχῐ́σμᾰ tò skhísma	τὼ σχῐ́σμᾰτε tṑ skhísmate	τᾰ̀ σχῐ́σμᾰτᾰ tà skhísmata
Vocative	σχῐ́σμᾰ skhísma	σχῐ́σμᾰτε skhísmate	σχῐ́σμᾰτᾰ skhísmata
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Descendants

→ Coptic: ⲥⲭⲓⲥⲙⲁ (skhisma)
→ Greek: σχίσμα (schísma)
→ Latin: schisma
- Catalan: cisma
- Old French: cisme
  - French: schisme
  - → Middle English: scisme, cisme, cissime, scysme, sisme, sysme
    - English: schism
    - Scots: schism
- Portuguese: cisma
- Spanish: cisma
- → Catalan: schisma (learned)
- → Czech: schizma, schisma (learned)
- → English: schisma (learned)
- → Italian: schisma (learned)
- → Romanian: schismă (learned)
- → Polish: schizma (learned)
- → Spanish: schisma (learned)

Further reading

“σχίσμα”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
σχίσμα in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
G4978 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible

Greek

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek σχίσμα (skhísma) (Hellenisitic sense "division of ecclesiastical unity"), from verb σχίζω (skhízō), stem σχισ- + -μα (-ma).
For sense "division of a group of political party" a semantic loan from French schisme.^[1]

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈsçi.zma/
Hyphenation: σχί‧σμα

Noun

σχίσμα • (schísma) n (plural σχίσματα)

(Christianity) schism
split, rift, division (of a group or political party)

Declension

	singular	plural
nominative	σχίσμα (schísma)	σχίσματα (schísmata)
genitive	σχίσματος (schísmatos)	σχισμάτων (schismáton)
accusative	σχίσμα (schísma)	σχίσματα (schísmata)
vocative	σχίσμα (schísma)	σχίσματα (schísmata)

Related terms

αποσχίζω (aposchízo, “tear off”)
απόσχιση f (apóschisi, “secession”)
ξέσκισμα n (xéskisma) / ξέσχισμα n (xéschisma)
σκισιματιά f (skisimatiá)
σκίσιμο n (skísimo) / σχίσιμο n (schísimo)
σχισμάδα f (schismáda) / σκισμάδα f (skismáda)
σχισματικός (schismatikós)
σχισμή f (schismí) / σκισμή f (skismí)

and see: σχίζω (schízo) / σκίζω (skízo, “tear”)

References

^ σχίσμα, in Λεξικό της κοινής νεοελληνικής , Triantafyllidis Foundation, 1998 at the Centre for the Greek language

Further reading

σχίσμα on the Greek Wikipedia.Wikipedia ^el

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