τραχεῖα ἀρτηρία

Ancient Greek

From τρᾱχεῖᾰ (trākheîa, “rough”) +‎ ᾰ̓ρτηρῐ́ᾱ (artēríā, “windpipe, artery”).

Since windpipe (trachea) is the original meaning of ᾰ̓ρτηρῐ́ᾱ (artēríā),^[1] it can be assumed that the term τραχεῖα ἀρτηρία developed later as a result of semantic specialization.

τραχεῖα ᾰ̓ρτηρῐ́ᾱ • (trakheîa artēríā) f (genitive τραχεια ᾰ̓ρτηρῐ́ᾱς); first declension

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ἡ τραχεια ᾰ̓ρτηρῐ́ᾱ hē trakheia artēríā	τὼ τραχεια ᾰ̓ρτηρῐ́ᾱ tṑ trakheia artēríā	αἱ τραχεια ᾰ̓ρτήρῐαι hai trakheia artḗriai
Genitive	τῆς τραχεια ᾰ̓ρτηρῐ́ᾱς tês trakheia artēríās	τοῖν τραχεια ᾰ̓ρτηρῐ́αιν toîn trakheia artēríain	τῶν τραχεια ᾰ̓ρτηρῐῶν tôn trakheia artēriôn
Dative	τῇ τραχεια ᾰ̓ρτηρῐ́ᾳ têi trakheia artēríāi	τοῖν τραχεια ᾰ̓ρτηρῐ́αιν toîn trakheia artēríain	ταῖς τραχεια ᾰ̓ρτηρῐ́αις taîs trakheia artēríais
Accusative	τὴν τραχεια ᾰ̓ρτηρῐ́ᾱν tḕn trakheia artēríān	τὼ τραχεια ᾰ̓ρτηρῐ́ᾱ tṑ trakheia artēríā	τᾱ̀ς τραχεια ᾰ̓ρτηρῐ́ᾱς tā̀s trakheia artēríās
Vocative	τραχεια ᾰ̓ρτηρῐ́ᾱ trakheia artēríā	τραχεια ᾰ̓ρτηρῐ́ᾱ trakheia artēríā	τραχεια ᾰ̓ρτήρῐαι trakheia artḗriai
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

“ἀρτηρία”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press