варяг
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Russian
Etymology
Inherited from Old East Slavic варѧгъ (varęgŭ), from Old Norse væringi.[1] The figurative sense stems from the legendary summoning of Rurik and the Varangians by the East Slavs.
Pronunciation
Noun
варя́г • (varjág) m anim (genitive варя́га, nominative plural варя́ги, genitive plural варя́гов or варя́г, feminine варя́жка, relational adjective варяжский)
- (historical) Varangian, Viking
- (modern use) an outsider or foreigner brought in to lead or help an organization or company, e.g. local bodies of state administration or a sports team
- Зачем нам приглашать варяга, если есть свой специалист?
- Začem nam priglašatʹ varjaga, jesli jestʹ svoj specialist?
- Why should we invite an outsider if we have our own specialist?
Declension
Declension of варя́г (anim masc-form velar-stem accent-a irreg)
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | варя́г varjág |
варя́ги varjági |
| genitive | варя́га varjága |
варя́гов, варя́г△* varjágov, varjág△* |
| dative | варя́гу varjágu |
варя́гам varjágam |
| accusative | варя́га varjága |
варя́гов, варя́г△* varjágov, varjág△* |
| instrumental | варя́гом varjágom |
варя́гами varjágami |
| prepositional | варя́ге varjáge |
варя́гах varjágax |
△ Irregular.
* The irregular genitive/accusative plural forms are archaic.
Derived terms
- из варя́г в гре́ки (iz varjág v gréki)
Descendants
- → Armenian: վարյագ (varyag)
- → English: Varyag, Variag
- → French: varègue
- → German: Waräger
- → Norwegian Nynorsk: varjag, varæg
- → Swedish: varjag, varäg
References
- ^ Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “варяг”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
Ukrainian
Etymology
Inherited from Old East Slavic варѧгъ (varęgŭ), from Old Norse væringi.
Pronunciation
Noun
варя́г • (varjáh) m pers (genitive варя́га, nominative plural варя́ги, genitive plural варя́гів, relational adjective варя́зький)
- (historical) Varangian, Viking
- (figuratively, colloquial) an outsider or foreigner brought in to lead or help an organization or company
Declension
Declension of варя́г (pers velar masc-form accent-a)
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | варя́г varjáh |
варя́ги varjáhy |
| genitive | варя́га varjáha |
варя́гів varjáhiv |
| dative | варя́гові, варя́гу varjáhovi, varjáhu |
варя́гам varjáham |
| accusative | варя́га varjáha |
варя́гів varjáhiv |
| instrumental | варя́гом varjáhom |
варя́гами varjáhamy |
| locative | варя́гові, варя́гу varjáhovi, varjáhu |
варя́гах varjáhax |
| vocative | варя́же varjáže |
варя́ги varjáhy |
Derived terms
- із варя́гів у гре́ки (iz varjáhiv u hréky)
References
- Shyrokov, V. A., editor (2010–2023), “варяг”, in Словник української мови: у 20 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 20 vols] (in Ukrainian), volumes 1–14 (а – префере́нція), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka; Ukrainian Lingua-Information Fund, →ISBN
- Ukrainian Lingua-Information Fund (2001–2024) “Словники України” online [Dictionaries of Ukraine online] (in Ukrainian)