сея
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See also: сеа
Bulgarian
Pronunciation
Etymology 1
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *sěti (“to sow”).
Verb
се́я • (séja) first-singular present indicative, impf (perfective се́йна)
- (transitive, intransitive) to sow, to plant
- (figuratively) to spread, to disseminate
Conjugation
Conjugation of се́я (conjugation 1.7, imperfective, transitive)
| participles | present active participle | past active aorist participle | past active imperfect participle | past passive participle | verbal noun | adverbial participle | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | indefinite | се́ещ séešt |
сял sjal |
се́ел séel |
сят sjat |
се́ейки séejki | |
| definite subject form | се́ещият séeštijat |
се́лият sélijat |
— | се́тият sétijat | |||
| definite object form | се́ещия séeštija |
се́лия sélija |
— | се́тия sétija | |||
| feminine | indefinite | се́еща séešta |
ся́ла sjála |
се́ела séela |
ся́та sjáta | ||
| definite | се́ещата séeštata |
ся́лата sjálata |
— | ся́тата sjátata | |||
| neuter | indefinite | се́ещо séešto |
ся́ло sjálo |
се́ело séelo |
ся́то sjáto |
се́ене séene | |
| definite | се́ещото séeštoto |
ся́лото sjáloto |
— | ся́тото sjátoto |
се́енето séeneto | ||
| plural | indefinite | се́ещи séešti |
се́ли séli |
се́ели séeli |
се́ти séti |
се́ения, се́енета séenija, séeneta | |
| definite | се́ещите séeštite |
се́лите sélite |
— | се́тите sétite |
се́енията, се́енетата séenijata, séenetata | ||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present | се́я séja |
се́еш séeš |
се́е sée |
се́ем séem |
се́ете séete |
се́ят séjat | |
| imperfect | се́ех séeh |
се́еше séeše |
се́еше séeše |
се́ехме séehme |
се́ехте séehte |
се́еха séeha | |
| aorist | сях sjah |
ся sja |
ся sja |
ся́хме sjáhme |
ся́хте sjáhte |
ся́ха sjáha | |
| future | pos. | Use ще followed by the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́ма да followed by the present indicative tense | ||||||
| future in the past | pos. | Use the imperfect indicative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́маше да followed by the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present perfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм and сял m, ся́ла f, ся́ло n, or се́ли pl | ||||||
| past perfect | Use the imperfect indicative tense of съм and сял m, ся́ла f, ся́ло n, or се́ли pl | ||||||
| future perfect | Use the future indicative tense of съм and сял m, ся́ла f, ся́ло n, or се́ли pl | ||||||
| future perfect in the past | Use the future in the past indicative tense of съм and сял m, ся́ла f, ся́ло n, or се́ли pl | ||||||
| renarrative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present and imperfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and се́ел m, се́ела f, се́ело n, or се́ели pl | ||||||
| aorist | Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and сял m, ся́ла f, ся́ло n, or се́ли pl | ||||||
| future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́мало да and the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present and past perfect | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and сял m, ся́ла f, ся́ло n, or се́ли pl | ||||||
| future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past renarrative tense of съм and сял m, ся́ла f, ся́ло n, or се́ли pl | ||||||
| dubitative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present and imperfect | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and се́ел m, се́ела f, се́ело n, or се́ели pl | ||||||
| aorist | Use the aorist renarrative tense of съм and сял m, ся́ла f, ся́ло n, or се́ли pl | ||||||
| future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect dubitative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́мало било́ да and the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present and past perfect | none
| ||||||
| future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past dubitative tense of съм and сял m, ся́ла f, ся́ло n, or се́ли pl | ||||||
| conclusive | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present and imperfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм and се́ел m, се́ела f, се́ело n, or се́ели pl | ||||||
| aorist | Use the present indicative tense of съм and сял m, ся́ла f, ся́ло n, or се́ли pl | ||||||
| future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́мало е да and the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present and past perfect | Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of съм and сял m, ся́ла f, ся́ло n, or се́ли pl | ||||||
| future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past conclusive tense of съм and сял m, ся́ла f, ся́ло n, or се́ли pl | ||||||
| conditional | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| Use the first aorist indicative tense of бъ́да and сял m, ся́ла f, ся́ло n, or се́ли pl | |||||||
| imperative | - | ти | - | - | вие | - | |
| сей sej |
се́йте séjte |
||||||
Non-standard:
Conjugation of се́я (conjugation 1.6, imperfective, transitive)
| participles | present active participle | past active aorist participle | past active imperfect participle | past passive participle | verbal noun | adverbial participle | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | indefinite | се́ещ séešt |
се́ял, сея́л1 séjal, sejál1 |
се́ел séel |
се́ян séjan |
се́ейки séejki | |
| definite subject form | се́ещият séeštijat |
се́ялият, сея́лият1 séjalijat, sejálijat1 |
— | се́яният séjanijat | |||
| definite object form | се́ещия séeštija |
се́ялия, сея́лия1 séjalija, sejálija1 |
— | се́яния séjanija | |||
| feminine | indefinite | се́еща séešta |
се́яла, сея́ла1 séjala, sejála1 |
се́ела séela |
се́яна séjana | ||
| definite | се́ещата séeštata |
се́ялата, сея́лата1 séjalata, sejálata1 |
— | се́яната séjanata | |||
| neuter | indefinite | се́ещо séešto |
се́яло, сея́ло1 séjalo, sejálo1 |
се́ело séelo |
се́яно séjano |
се́ене séene | |
| definite | се́ещото séeštoto |
се́ялото, сея́лото1 séjaloto, sejáloto1 |
— | се́яното séjanoto |
се́енето séeneto | ||
| plural | indefinite | се́ещи séešti |
се́яли, сея́ли1 séjali, sejáli1 |
се́ели séeli |
се́яни séjani |
се́ения, се́енета séenija, séeneta | |
| definite | се́ещите séeštite |
се́ялите, сея́лите1 séjalite, sejálite1 |
— | се́яните séjanite |
се́енията, се́енетата séenijata, séenetata | ||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present | се́я séja |
се́еш séeš |
се́е sée |
се́ем séem |
се́ете séete |
се́ят séjat | |
| imperfect | се́ех séeh |
се́еше séeše |
се́еше séeše |
се́ехме séehme |
се́ехте séehte |
се́еха séeha | |
| aorist | се́ях, сея́х1 séjah, sejáh1 |
се́я, сея́1 séja, sejá1 |
се́я, сея́1 séja, sejá1 |
се́яхме, сея́хме1 séjahme, sejáhme1 |
се́яхте, сея́хте1 séjahte, sejáhte1 |
се́яха, сея́ха1 séjaha, sejáha1 | |
| future | pos. | Use ще followed by the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́ма да followed by the present indicative tense | ||||||
| future in the past | pos. | Use the imperfect indicative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́маше да followed by the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present perfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм and се́ял/сея́л1 m, се́яла/сея́ла1 f, се́яло/сея́ло1 n, or се́яли/сея́ли1 pl | ||||||
| past perfect | Use the imperfect indicative tense of съм and се́ял/сея́л1 m, се́яла/сея́ла1 f, се́яло/сея́ло1 n, or се́яли/сея́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future perfect | Use the future indicative tense of съм and се́ял/сея́л1 m, се́яла/сея́ла1 f, се́яло/сея́ло1 n, or се́яли/сея́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future perfect in the past | Use the future in the past indicative tense of съм and се́ял/сея́л1 m, се́яла/сея́ла1 f, се́яло/сея́ло1 n, or се́яли/сея́ли1 pl | ||||||
| renarrative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present and imperfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and се́ел m, се́ела f, се́ело n, or се́ели pl | ||||||
| aorist | Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and се́ял/сея́л1 m, се́яла/сея́ла1 f, се́яло/сея́ло1 n, or се́яли/сея́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́мало да and the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present and past perfect | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and се́ял/сея́л1 m, се́яла/сея́ла1 f, се́яло/сея́ло1 n, or се́яли/сея́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past renarrative tense of съм and се́ял/сея́л1 m, се́яла/сея́ла1 f, се́яло/сея́ло1 n, or се́яли/сея́ли1 pl | ||||||
| dubitative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present and imperfect | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and се́ел m, се́ела f, се́ело n, or се́ели pl | ||||||
| aorist | Use the aorist renarrative tense of съм and се́ял/сея́л1 m, се́яла/сея́ла1 f, се́яло/сея́ло1 n, or се́яли/сея́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect dubitative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́мало било́ да and the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present and past perfect | none
| ||||||
| future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past dubitative tense of съм and се́ял/сея́л1 m, се́яла/сея́ла1 f, се́яло/сея́ло1 n, or се́яли/сея́ли1 pl | ||||||
| conclusive | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present and imperfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм and се́ел m, се́ела f, се́ело n, or се́ели pl | ||||||
| aorist | Use the present indicative tense of съм and се́ял/сея́л1 m, се́яла/сея́ла1 f, се́яло/сея́ло1 n, or се́яли/сея́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́мало е да and the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present and past perfect | Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of съм and се́ял/сея́л1 m, се́яла/сея́ла1 f, се́яло/сея́ло1 n, or се́яли/сея́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past conclusive tense of съм and се́ял/сея́л1 m, се́яла/сея́ла1 f, се́яло/сея́ло1 n, or се́яли/сея́ли1 pl | ||||||
| conditional | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| Use the first aorist indicative tense of бъ́да and се́ял/сея́л1 m, се́яла/сея́ла1 f, се́яло/сея́ло1 n, or се́яли/сея́ли1 pl | |||||||
| imperative | - | ти | - | - | вие | - | |
| сей sej |
се́йте séjte |
||||||
1Dialectally marked.
Derived terms
- ся́вам (sjávam) (semelfactive, dialectal)
- всея pf (vseja), всявам impf (vsjavam), всейвам impf (vsejvam, “to implant”)
- досея pf (doseja), досявам impf (dosjavam)
- засея pf (zaseja), засявам impf (zasjavam), засейвам impf (zasejvam)
- насея pf (naseja), насявам impf (nasjavam)
- посея pf (poseja), посявам impf (posjavam)
- пресея pf (preseja), пресявам impf (presjavam, “to sow again”)
- разсея pf (razseja), разсявам impf (razsjavam, “to disperse”)
- разсея се pf (razseja se), разсявам се impf (razsjavam se, “to get distacted”) (figurative)
- сеи́тба (seítba), ся́йба (sjájba) (action nouns)
- сея́тел m (sejátel), сея́телка f (sejátelka) (agent nouns, obsolete)
- сея́ч m (sejáč), сея́чка f (sejáčka) (agent nouns, standard)
- сея́лка (sejálka) (instrumental noun)
- се́ме (séme, “seed”)
- сев (sev) (in compounds)
References
- “сея¹”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
- “сея”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010
- Nayden Gerov, Тодор Панчев (1904) “сѣ́ѭ, -ешь; сѣхъ и сѣꙗ́хъ”, in Рѣчникъ на Блъгарскꙑй язꙑкъ. Съ тлъкувание рѣчи-тꙑ на Блъгарскꙑ и на Русскꙑ. [Dictionary of the Bulgarian language] (in Bulgarian), volume 5, Plovdiv: Дружествена печꙗтница "Съгласие.", page 312
- Racheva, M., Todorov, T. A., editors (2002), “сея¹”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 6 (пỳскам – словàр²), Sofia: Prof. Marin Drinov Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 628
- “сѣти”, in Старобългарски речник [Old Bulgarian Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), https://histdict.uni-sofia.bg, 2011—2024
Etymology 2
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *sěti (“to sieve”).
Despite formally distinct, this sense is listed as an alternative meaning of Etymology 1 within Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary and in Gerov's dictionary.
Verb
се́я • (séja) first-singular present indicative, impf
- (transitive) to sieve, to sift (to run through some type of riddle)
- сея брашно (transitive) ― seja brašno ― to sift flour
Conjugation
Conjugation of се́я (conjugation 1.7, imperfective, transitive)
| participles | present active participle | past active aorist participle | past active imperfect participle | past passive participle | verbal noun | adverbial participle | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | indefinite | се́ещ séešt |
сял sjal |
се́ел séel |
сят sjat |
се́ейки séejki | |
| definite subject form | се́ещият séeštijat |
се́лият sélijat |
— | се́тият sétijat | |||
| definite object form | се́ещия séeštija |
се́лия sélija |
— | се́тия sétija | |||
| feminine | indefinite | се́еща séešta |
ся́ла sjála |
се́ела séela |
ся́та sjáta | ||
| definite | се́ещата séeštata |
ся́лата sjálata |
— | ся́тата sjátata | |||
| neuter | indefinite | се́ещо séešto |
ся́ло sjálo |
се́ело séelo |
ся́то sjáto |
се́ене séene | |
| definite | се́ещото séeštoto |
ся́лото sjáloto |
— | ся́тото sjátoto |
се́енето séeneto | ||
| plural | indefinite | се́ещи séešti |
се́ли séli |
се́ели séeli |
се́ти séti |
се́ения, се́енета séenija, séeneta | |
| definite | се́ещите séeštite |
се́лите sélite |
— | се́тите sétite |
се́енията, се́енетата séenijata, séenetata | ||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present | се́я séja |
се́еш séeš |
се́е sée |
се́ем séem |
се́ете séete |
се́ят séjat | |
| imperfect | се́ех séeh |
се́еше séeše |
се́еше séeše |
се́ехме séehme |
се́ехте séehte |
се́еха séeha | |
| aorist | сях sjah |
ся sja |
ся sja |
ся́хме sjáhme |
ся́хте sjáhte |
ся́ха sjáha | |
| future | pos. | Use ще followed by the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́ма да followed by the present indicative tense | ||||||
| future in the past | pos. | Use the imperfect indicative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́маше да followed by the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present perfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм and сял m, ся́ла f, ся́ло n, or се́ли pl | ||||||
| past perfect | Use the imperfect indicative tense of съм and сял m, ся́ла f, ся́ло n, or се́ли pl | ||||||
| future perfect | Use the future indicative tense of съм and сял m, ся́ла f, ся́ло n, or се́ли pl | ||||||
| future perfect in the past | Use the future in the past indicative tense of съм and сял m, ся́ла f, ся́ло n, or се́ли pl | ||||||
| renarrative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present and imperfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and се́ел m, се́ела f, се́ело n, or се́ели pl | ||||||
| aorist | Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and сял m, ся́ла f, ся́ло n, or се́ли pl | ||||||
| future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́мало да and the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present and past perfect | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and сял m, ся́ла f, ся́ло n, or се́ли pl | ||||||
| future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past renarrative tense of съм and сял m, ся́ла f, ся́ло n, or се́ли pl | ||||||
| dubitative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present and imperfect | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and се́ел m, се́ела f, се́ело n, or се́ели pl | ||||||
| aorist | Use the aorist renarrative tense of съм and сял m, ся́ла f, ся́ло n, or се́ли pl | ||||||
| future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect dubitative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́мало било́ да and the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present and past perfect | none
| ||||||
| future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past dubitative tense of съм and сял m, ся́ла f, ся́ло n, or се́ли pl | ||||||
| conclusive | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present and imperfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм and се́ел m, се́ела f, се́ело n, or се́ели pl | ||||||
| aorist | Use the present indicative tense of съм and сял m, ся́ла f, ся́ло n, or се́ли pl | ||||||
| future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́мало е да and the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present and past perfect | Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of съм and сял m, ся́ла f, ся́ло n, or се́ли pl | ||||||
| future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past conclusive tense of съм and сял m, ся́ла f, ся́ло n, or се́ли pl | ||||||
| conditional | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| Use the first aorist indicative tense of бъ́да and сял m, ся́ла f, ся́ло n, or се́ли pl | |||||||
| imperative | - | ти | - | - | вие | - | |
| сей sej |
се́йте séjte |
||||||
Derived terms
- отсея pf (otseja), отсявам impf (otsjavam, “to sift out”)
- пресея pf (preseja), пресявам impf (presjavam, “to screen, to bolt”)
- просея pf (proseja), просявам impf (prosjavam, “to sift through”) (dialectal)
Related terms
- си́то (síto, “sift”)
References
- “сея²”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
- “сея”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010
Etymology 3
Related to Proto-Slavic *sijati (“to shine”). Compare Serbo-Croatian сије́вати (“to flash”).
Verb
се́я • (séja) first-singular present indicative, impf (rare, dialectal)
- Alternative form of сия́я (sijája, “to radiate, to illuminate”)
Usage notes
In most dictionaries, just listed as a particular sense of Etymology 1.
Conjugation
Conjugation of се́я (conjugation 1.7, imperfective, transitive)
| participles | present active participle | past active aorist participle | past active imperfect participle | past passive participle | verbal noun | adverbial participle | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | indefinite | се́ещ séešt |
сял sjal |
се́ел séel |
сят sjat |
се́ейки séejki | |
| definite subject form | се́ещият séeštijat |
се́лият sélijat |
— | се́тият sétijat | |||
| definite object form | се́ещия séeštija |
се́лия sélija |
— | се́тия sétija | |||
| feminine | indefinite | се́еща séešta |
ся́ла sjála |
се́ела séela |
ся́та sjáta | ||
| definite | се́ещата séeštata |
ся́лата sjálata |
— | ся́тата sjátata | |||
| neuter | indefinite | се́ещо séešto |
ся́ло sjálo |
се́ело séelo |
ся́то sjáto |
се́ене séene | |
| definite | се́ещото séeštoto |
ся́лото sjáloto |
— | ся́тото sjátoto |
се́енето séeneto | ||
| plural | indefinite | се́ещи séešti |
се́ли séli |
се́ели séeli |
се́ти séti |
се́ения, се́енета séenija, séeneta | |
| definite | се́ещите séeštite |
се́лите sélite |
— | се́тите sétite |
се́енията, се́енетата séenijata, séenetata | ||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present | се́я séja |
се́еш séeš |
се́е sée |
се́ем séem |
се́ете séete |
се́ят séjat | |
| imperfect | се́ех séeh |
се́еше séeše |
се́еше séeše |
се́ехме séehme |
се́ехте séehte |
се́еха séeha | |
| aorist | сях sjah |
ся sja |
ся sja |
ся́хме sjáhme |
ся́хте sjáhte |
ся́ха sjáha | |
| future | pos. | Use ще followed by the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́ма да followed by the present indicative tense | ||||||
| future in the past | pos. | Use the imperfect indicative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́маше да followed by the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present perfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм and сял m, ся́ла f, ся́ло n, or се́ли pl | ||||||
| past perfect | Use the imperfect indicative tense of съм and сял m, ся́ла f, ся́ло n, or се́ли pl | ||||||
| future perfect | Use the future indicative tense of съм and сял m, ся́ла f, ся́ло n, or се́ли pl | ||||||
| future perfect in the past | Use the future in the past indicative tense of съм and сял m, ся́ла f, ся́ло n, or се́ли pl | ||||||
| renarrative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present and imperfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and се́ел m, се́ела f, се́ело n, or се́ели pl | ||||||
| aorist | Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and сял m, ся́ла f, ся́ло n, or се́ли pl | ||||||
| future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́мало да and the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present and past perfect | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and сял m, ся́ла f, ся́ло n, or се́ли pl | ||||||
| future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past renarrative tense of съм and сял m, ся́ла f, ся́ло n, or се́ли pl | ||||||
| dubitative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present and imperfect | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and се́ел m, се́ела f, се́ело n, or се́ели pl | ||||||
| aorist | Use the aorist renarrative tense of съм and сял m, ся́ла f, ся́ло n, or се́ли pl | ||||||
| future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect dubitative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́мало било́ да and the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present and past perfect | none
| ||||||
| future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past dubitative tense of съм and сял m, ся́ла f, ся́ло n, or се́ли pl | ||||||
| conclusive | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present and imperfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм and се́ел m, се́ела f, се́ело n, or се́ели pl | ||||||
| aorist | Use the present indicative tense of съм and сял m, ся́ла f, ся́ло n, or се́ли pl | ||||||
| future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́мало е да and the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present and past perfect | Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of съм and сял m, ся́ла f, ся́ло n, or се́ли pl | ||||||
| future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past conclusive tense of съм and сял m, ся́ла f, ся́ло n, or се́ли pl | ||||||
| conditional | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| Use the first aorist indicative tense of бъ́да and сял m, ся́ла f, ся́ло n, or се́ли pl | |||||||
| imperative | - | ти | - | - | вие | - | |
| сей sej |
се́йте séjte |
||||||
Derived terms
- засея pf (zaseja), засейвам impf (zasejvam, “to get shiny, bright”)
- осея pf (oseja), осейвам impf (osejvam, “to fill with light”)
- обсея pf (obseja), обсявам impf (obsjavam, “to light up”) (dialectal)
Further reading
- Nayden Gerov, Тодор Панчев (1904) “сꙗ́ѭ, -ешь; сꙗлъ”, in Рѣчникъ на Блъгарскꙑй язꙑкъ. Съ тлъкувание рѣчи-тꙑ на Блъгарскꙑ и на Русскꙑ. [Dictionary of the Bulgarian language] (in Bulgarian), volume 5, Plovdiv: Дружествена печꙗтница "Съгласие.", page 317
Etymology 4
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *siti／*sějati (“to suckle”), related to dialectal Polish soić.
Verb
се́я • (séja) first-singular present indicative, impf (perfective са́йна) (dialectal, Rupian dialects)
- (transitive, intransitive) to suckle (milk)
- Synonym: боза́я (bozája)
Conjugation
Conjugation of се́я (conjugation 1.6, imperfective, transitive)
| participles | present active participle | past active aorist participle | past active imperfect participle | past passive participle | verbal noun | adverbial participle | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | indefinite | се́ещ séešt |
се́ял, сея́л1 séjal, sejál1 |
се́ел séel |
се́ян séjan |
се́ейки séejki | |
| definite subject form | се́ещият séeštijat |
се́ялият, сея́лият1 séjalijat, sejálijat1 |
— | се́яният séjanijat | |||
| definite object form | се́ещия séeštija |
се́ялия, сея́лия1 séjalija, sejálija1 |
— | се́яния séjanija | |||
| feminine | indefinite | се́еща séešta |
се́яла, сея́ла1 séjala, sejála1 |
се́ела séela |
се́яна séjana | ||
| definite | се́ещата séeštata |
се́ялата, сея́лата1 séjalata, sejálata1 |
— | се́яната séjanata | |||
| neuter | indefinite | се́ещо séešto |
се́яло, сея́ло1 séjalo, sejálo1 |
се́ело séelo |
се́яно séjano |
се́ене séene | |
| definite | се́ещото séeštoto |
се́ялото, сея́лото1 séjaloto, sejáloto1 |
— | се́яното séjanoto |
се́енето séeneto | ||
| plural | indefinite | се́ещи séešti |
се́яли, сея́ли1 séjali, sejáli1 |
се́ели séeli |
се́яни séjani |
се́ения, се́енета séenija, séeneta | |
| definite | се́ещите séeštite |
се́ялите, сея́лите1 séjalite, sejálite1 |
— | се́яните séjanite |
се́енията, се́енетата séenijata, séenetata | ||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present | се́я séja |
се́еш séeš |
се́е sée |
се́ем séem |
се́ете séete |
се́ят séjat | |
| imperfect | се́ех séeh |
се́еше séeše |
се́еше séeše |
се́ехме séehme |
се́ехте séehte |
се́еха séeha | |
| aorist | се́ях, сея́х1 séjah, sejáh1 |
се́я, сея́1 séja, sejá1 |
се́я, сея́1 séja, sejá1 |
се́яхме, сея́хме1 séjahme, sejáhme1 |
се́яхте, сея́хте1 séjahte, sejáhte1 |
се́яха, сея́ха1 séjaha, sejáha1 | |
| future | pos. | Use ще followed by the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́ма да followed by the present indicative tense | ||||||
| future in the past | pos. | Use the imperfect indicative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́маше да followed by the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present perfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм and се́ял/сея́л1 m, се́яла/сея́ла1 f, се́яло/сея́ло1 n, or се́яли/сея́ли1 pl | ||||||
| past perfect | Use the imperfect indicative tense of съм and се́ял/сея́л1 m, се́яла/сея́ла1 f, се́яло/сея́ло1 n, or се́яли/сея́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future perfect | Use the future indicative tense of съм and се́ял/сея́л1 m, се́яла/сея́ла1 f, се́яло/сея́ло1 n, or се́яли/сея́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future perfect in the past | Use the future in the past indicative tense of съм and се́ял/сея́л1 m, се́яла/сея́ла1 f, се́яло/сея́ло1 n, or се́яли/сея́ли1 pl | ||||||
| renarrative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present and imperfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and се́ел m, се́ела f, се́ело n, or се́ели pl | ||||||
| aorist | Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and се́ял/сея́л1 m, се́яла/сея́ла1 f, се́яло/сея́ло1 n, or се́яли/сея́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́мало да and the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present and past perfect | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and се́ял/сея́л1 m, се́яла/сея́ла1 f, се́яло/сея́ло1 n, or се́яли/сея́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past renarrative tense of съм and се́ял/сея́л1 m, се́яла/сея́ла1 f, се́яло/сея́ло1 n, or се́яли/сея́ли1 pl | ||||||
| dubitative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present and imperfect | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and се́ел m, се́ела f, се́ело n, or се́ели pl | ||||||
| aorist | Use the aorist renarrative tense of съм and се́ял/сея́л1 m, се́яла/сея́ла1 f, се́яло/сея́ло1 n, or се́яли/сея́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect dubitative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́мало било́ да and the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present and past perfect | none
| ||||||
| future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past dubitative tense of съм and се́ял/сея́л1 m, се́яла/сея́ла1 f, се́яло/сея́ло1 n, or се́яли/сея́ли1 pl | ||||||
| conclusive | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present and imperfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм and се́ел m, се́ела f, се́ело n, or се́ели pl | ||||||
| aorist | Use the present indicative tense of съм and се́ял/сея́л1 m, се́яла/сея́ла1 f, се́яло/сея́ло1 n, or се́яли/сея́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́мало е да and the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present and past perfect | Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of съм and се́ял/сея́л1 m, се́яла/сея́ла1 f, се́яло/сея́ло1 n, or се́яли/сея́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past conclusive tense of съм and се́ял/сея́л1 m, се́яла/сея́ла1 f, се́яло/сея́ло1 n, or се́яли/сея́ли1 pl | ||||||
| conditional | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| Use the first aorist indicative tense of бъ́да and се́ял/сея́л1 m, се́яла/сея́ла1 f, се́яло/сея́ло1 n, or се́яли/сея́ли1 pl | |||||||
| imperative | - | ти | - | - | вие | - | |
| сей sej |
се́йте séjte |
||||||
1Dialectally marked.
Derived terms
References
- Racheva, M., Todorov, T. A., editors (2002), “сея²”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 6 (пỳскам – словàр²), Sofia: Prof. Marin Drinov Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 631
- Nayden Gerov, Тодор Панчев (1908) “сѣ́я, -еш”, in Допълнение на българския рѣчникъ [Dictionary of the Bulgarian language] (in Bulgarian), volume 6, Plovdiv: Печатница "Трудъ" на Петко Бѣловѣждовъ, page 290
Erzya
Etymology
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation
Noun
сея • (śeja)
Declension
This entry needs an inflection-table template.
References
- B. A. Serebrennikov, R. N. Buzakova, M. V. Mosin (1993) “сея”, in Эрзянь-рузонь валкс [Erzya-Russian dictionary], Moscow: Русский язык, →ISBN
Russian
Pronunciation
Participle
се́я • (séja)
- present adverbial imperfective participle of се́ять (séjatʹ)