человѣкъ

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Old East Slavic

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *čelověkъ. Cognates include Old Church Slavonic чловѣкъ (člověkŭ) and Old Polish człowiek.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /t͡ɕɛlɔˈʋeːkʊ/→/t͡ɕɛlɔˈʋʲeːkʊ/→/t͡ɕɛlɔˈʋʲɛːk/, /t͡ɕɛlɔˈʋʲeːk/
  • (ca. 9th CE) IPA(key): /t͡ɕɛlɔˈʋeːkʊ/
  • (ca. 11th CE) IPA(key): /t͡ɕɛlɔˈʋʲeːkʊ/
  • (ca. 13th CE) IPA(key): /t͡ɕɛlɔˈʋʲɛːk/, /t͡ɕɛlɔˈʋʲeːk/

  • Hyphenation: че‧ло‧вѣ‧къ

Noun

человѣкъ (čelověkŭ) m (related adjective человѣчии)

  1. man, human

Declension

Declension of человѣкъ (hard o-stem)
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative человѣкъ
čelověkŭ 		человѣка
čelověka 		человѣци
čelověci
Genitive человѣка
čelověka 		человѣку
čelověku 		человѣкъ
čelověkŭ
Dative человѣку
čelověku 		человѣкома
čelověkoma 		человѣкомъ
čelověkomŭ
Accusative человѣкъ
čelověkŭ 		человѣка
čelověka 		человѣкꙑ
čelověky
Instrumental человѣкъмь
čelověkŭmĭ 		человѣкома
čelověkoma 		человѣкꙑ
čelověky
Locative человѣцѣ
čelověcě 		человѣку
čelověku 		человѣцѣхъ
čelověcěxŭ
Vocative человѣче
čelověče 		человѣка
čelověka 		человѣци
čelověci

Descendants

References

  • Sreznevsky, Izmail I. (1912) “человѣкъ”, in Матеріалы для Словаря древне-русскаго языка по письменнымъ памятникамъ [Materials for the Dictionary of the Old East Slavic Language Based on Written Monuments]‎ (in Russian), volume 3 (Р – Ꙗ и дополненія), Saint Petersburg: Department of Russian Language and Literature of the Imperial Academy of Sciences, column 1492

Russian

Noun

человѣ́къ • (čelově́k) m anim (genitive человѣ́ка, nominative plural лю́ди or человѣ́ки*, genitive plural люде́й or человѣ́къ* or человѣ́ковъ*) (* Nominative plural - rare, poetic, other cases of человѣ́къ in plural are used with numbers.)

  1. Pre-1918 spelling of челове́к (čelovék).

Declension

Pre-reform declension of человѣ́къ (anim masc-form velar-stem accent-a irreg) 
singular plural
nominative человѣ́къ
čelově́k 		лю́ди△, человѣ́ки*
ljúdi△, čelově́ki*
genitive человѣ́ка
čelově́ka 		люде́й△, человѣ́къ△*, человѣ́ковъ*
ljudéj△, čelově́k△*, čelově́kov*
dative человѣ́ку
čelově́ku 		лю́дямъ△, человѣ́камъ*
ljúdjam△, čelově́kam*
accusative человѣ́ка
čelově́ka 		люде́й△, человѣ́ковъ△*
ljudéj△, čelově́kov△*
instrumental человѣ́комъ
čelově́kom 		людьми́△, человѣ́ками*
ljudʹmí△, čelově́kami*
prepositional человѣ́кѣ
čelově́kě 		лю́дяхъ△, человѣ́кахъ*
ljúdjax△, čelově́kax*
vocative человѣ́че
čelově́če

△ Irregular.
* Nominative plural - rare, poetic, other cases of человѣ́къ in plural are used with numbers.

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