գարի

From Old Armenian գարի (gari).

• (Eastern Armenian) IPA^(key): /ɡɑˈɾi/,
• (Western Armenian) IPA^(key): /kɑˈɾi/,

• Audio (Eastern Armenian):

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գարի • (gari)

1. barley

• գարեջուր (gareǰur)

Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *gʰr̥yom and cognate with Ancient Greek κριθή (krithḗ, “barley-corns”), κρῖ (krî, “barley”), Albanian drithë (“grain”), Latin hordeum (“barley”), Old High German gersta (“barley”) (German Gerste) and Hittite (karaš, “wheat, emmer-wheat”). Alternatively, a Mediterranean substrate word found also in Basque gari (“wheat”) and Old Georgian ქერი (keri, “barley”).

գարի • (gari)

1. barley
   • 5th century, Bible, Job 31.40:^[1]

     Ապա փոխանակ ցորենոյ բուսցի եղիճ, եւ փոխանակ գարւոյ մորենի։

     Apa pʻoxanak cʻorenoy buscʻi ełič, ew pʻoxanak garwoy moreni.

     • Translation by Claude E. Cox

       then may nettles come forth instead of wheat, and a bramble instead of barley.

In Job, translates Ancient Greek κριθή (krithḗ).

• Armenian: գարի (gari)
• → Arabic: جَعْرَة (jaʕra)

• Petrosean, Matatʻeay (1879) “գարի”, in Nor Baṙagirkʻ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
• Awetikʻean, G., Siwrmēlean, X., Awgerean, M. (1836–1837) “գարի”, in Nor baṙgirkʻ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
• Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1971–1979) “գարի”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, Yerevan: University Press
• Ačaṙyan, Hračʻya (1940) Hayocʻ lezvi patmutʻyun [History of the Armenian Language] (in Armenian), volume I, Yerevan: University Press, pages 42–43
• Martirosyan, Hrach (2010) Etymological Dictionary of the Armenian Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 8), Leiden and Boston: Brill, page 199
• Thorsø, Rasmus (2023) Prehistoric loanwords in Armenian: Hurro-Urartian, Kartvelian, and the unclassified substrate‎, PhD dissertation, Leiden University, page 86