אשה

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Hebrew

Etymology 1

Root
א־נ־שׁ (ʾ-n-š)

From Proto-Semitic *ʔanθ-at-. Cognate with Ugaritic 𐎀𐎘𐎚 (ảṯt), Aramaic אִנְתְּתָא (ʾintəṯā), אִיתְּתָא (ʾittəṯā), Arabic أُنْثَى (ʔunṯā).

Alternative forms

Pronunciation

Noun

אִשָּׁה • ('ishá) f (plural indefinite נָשִׁים, singular construct אֵשֶׁת־, plural construct נְשׁוֹת־ or נְשֵׁי־, masculine counterpart אִישׁ)

  1. woman (adult female human)
  2. wife (female spouse)
  3. (Biblical Hebrew) a female animal
    • Tanach, Genesis 7:2, with translation of the King James Version:
      מִכֹּל הַבְּהֵמָה הַטְּהוֹרָה תִּקַּח לְךָ שִׁבְעָה שִׁבְעָה אִישׁ וְאִשְׁתּוֹ וּמִן הַבְּהֵמָה אֲשֶׁר לֹא טְהֹרָה הִוא שְׁנַיִם אִישׁ וְאִשְׁתּוֹ׃
      Of every clean beast thou shalt take to thee by sevens, the male and his female: and of beasts that are not clean by two, the male and his female.
Declension
Declension of אִשָּׁה
Number Isolated forms With possessive pronouns
State Form Person singular plural
m. f. m. f.
singular indefinite אִשָּׁה first אִשְׁתִּי אִשְׁתֵּנוּ
definite הָאִשָּׁה second אִשְׁתְּךָ אִשְׁתֵּךְ אִשְׁתְּכֶם אִשְׁתְּכֶן
construct אֵשֶׁת־ third אִשְׁתּוֹ אִשְׁתָּהּ אִשְׁתָּם אִשְׁתָּן
plural indefinite נָשִׁים first נשותיי / נְשׁוֹתַי נְשׁוֹתֵינוּ
definite הַנָּשִׁים second נְשׁוֹתֶיךָ נשותייך / נְשׁוֹתַיִךְ נְשׁוֹתֵיכֶם נְשׁוֹתֵיכֶן
construct נְשׁוֹת־ third נְשׁוֹתָיו נְשׁוֹתֶיהָ נְשׁוֹתָם נְשׁוֹתָן
plural indefinite נָשִׁים first נשיי / נָשַׁי נָשֵׁינוּ
definite הַנָּשִׁים second נָשֶׁיךָ נשייך / נָשַׁיִךְ נְשֵׁיכֶם נְשֵׁיכֶן
construct נְשֵׁי־ third נָשָׁיו נָשֶׁיהָ נְשֵׁיהֶם נְשֵׁיהֶן
Derived terms
References
  • H802 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
  • Kogan, Leonid (2011) “Proto-Semitic Lexicon”, in Weninger, Stefan, editor, The Semitic Languages. An International Handbook (Handbücher zur Sprach- und Kommunikationswissenschaft – Handbooks of Linguistics and Communication Science; 36), Berlin: De Gruyter, →ISBN, page 233
  • “אשה” in the Hebrew Terms Database of the Academy of Hebrew Language

Etymology 2

Related to אֵשׁ ('ésh, “fire”), which is from Proto-Semitic *ʾiš-.

Noun

אִשֶּׁה • ('ishé) f (plural indefinite אִשִּׁים, singular construct אִשֵּׁה־, plural construct אִשֵּׁי־)

  1. (biblical) burnt offering
Synonyms
References
  • H801 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
  • Kogan, Leonid (2011) “Proto-Semitic Lexicon”, in Weninger, Stefan, editor, The Semitic Languages. An International Handbook (Handbücher zur Sprach- und Kommunikationswissenschaft – Handbooks of Linguistics and Communication Science; 36), Berlin: De Gruyter, →ISBN, pages 194-195
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