اعتدال

Verbal noun of اِعْتَدَلَ (iʕtadala).

• IPA^(key): /iʕ.ti.daːl/
• Rhymes: -aːl

اِعْتِدَال • (iʕtidāl) m (plural اِعْتِدَالَات (iʕtidālāt))

1. (uncountable) verbal noun of اِعْتَدَلَ (iʕtadala) (form VIII)
2. moderation; mildness
3. (astronomy) equinox

• → Azerbaijani: etidal
• → Ottoman Turkish: اعتدال (itidal)
  • → Turkish: itidal
• → Persian: اعتدال (e'tedâl)
  • → Tajik: иътидол (iʾtidol)
• → Uzbek: e'tidol

Borrowed from Arabic اِعْتِدَال (iʕtidāl, “moderation, mildness”).

اعتدال • (i’tidâl) (definite accusative اعتذاری (i’tidâli), plural اعتذارلر (i’tidâller))

1. moderation, temperance, the state or quality of being moderate, avoidance of extremes
   • 1927 October, Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, Nutuk‎, page 40:

     بوراده‌كی ، اعتدال كلمه‌سندن ، مقصدك نه اوله‌بیله‌جكنك تفسیرینی ارباب اذعانه ترك ایدرم.

     Buradaki, itidal kelimesinden, maksadın ne olabileceğinin tefsirini erbab-ı izana terk ederim.

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

2. equilibrium, balance, stability, a state or condition in which opposing forces harmonise

   Synonyms: دنك (denk), موازنه (muvâzene)

3. symmetry, the exact correspondence on either side of a dividing line, plane, center or axis

• Turkish: itidal

• Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “itidal”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 2265
• Devellioğlu, Ferit (1962) “iʼtidâl”, in Osmanlıca-Türkçe Ansiklopedik Lûgat‎‎ (in Turkish), Istanbul: Türk Dil Kurumu, page 564
• Kélékian, Diran (1911) “اعتدال”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎, Constantinople: Mihran, page 109
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Temperantia”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum‎, Vienna, column 1654
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “اعتدال”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎, Vienna, column 278
• Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “itidal”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
• Redhouse, James W. (1890) “اعتدال”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 139

Borrowed from Arabic اِعْتِدَال (iʕtidāl).

اعتدال • (e'tedâl)

1. moderation; mildness; equanimity

   Synonyms: تعادل (ta'âdol), تساوی (tasâvi)

   حفظ اعتدال ― hefz-e e'tedâl ― keeping one's composure

   • c. 1080, Kaykāwūs, Qābūs-nāma:

     نه بینی که زندگانی چراغ از روغن است، پس اگر بی‌حد و اندازه در چراغ روغن کنی در حال چراغ بمیرد و هم آن روغن که سبب مردن بود چون به اعتدال بود سبب حیات باشد و آن اسراف سبب ممات او بود، پس معلوم شد که چراغ از روغن زنده بود، چون از اعتدال بگذرد اسراف پدید آید و هم بدان روغن که زنده بود هم بدان روغن بمیرد

     na bīnī ki zindagānī-yi čirāğ az rōğan ast, pas agar bi hadd u andāza dar čirāğ rōğan kunī dar hāl čirāğ bimīrad u ham ān rōğan ki sabab-i mordan buwad čūn ba i'tidāl buwad sabab-i hayāt bāšad u ān asrāf sabab-i mamāt-i ō buwad, pas ma'lūm šud ki čirāğ az rōğan zinda buwad, čūn az i'tidāl biguḏarad asrāf padīd āyad u ham bad-ān rōğan ki zinda buwad ham bad-ān rōğan bimīrad.

     Do you not see that the life of an oil lamp comes from the oil? if you put too much oil in the lamp, it will immediately be extinguished. Further, when the oil which caused to be extinguished is applied in moderation, the oil causes to live. It is excess that causes to be extinguished. Then it becomes clear that the lamp lives thanks to the oil. When one goes beyond moderation, excess comes about, and is extinguished by that very oil by which it lived.

     (Classical Persian transliteration)

2. (astronomy) equinox

   اعتدال بهاری ― e'tedâl-e bahâri ― spring equinox

   اعتدال پاییزی ― e'tedâl-e pâyizi ― autumn equinox

3. (music) temperament

• Hayyim, Sulayman (1934) “اعتدال”, in New Persian–English dictionary, Teheran: Librairie-imprimerie Béroukhim