حكمة

Arabic

Etymology 1

From the verbal noun of حَكُمَ (ḥakuma, “to be wise”). Compare Hebrew חָכְמָה (ḥokhmá, “wisdom”) and Ugaritic 𐎈𐎋𐎎𐎚 (ḥkmt).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ħik.ma/

Noun

حِكْمَة • (ḥikma) f (plural حِكَم (ḥikam))

1. wisdom
   • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 16:125:

     اُدْعُ إِلَىٰ سَبِيلِ رَبِّكَ بِٱلْحِكْمَةِ وَٱلْمَوْعِظَةِ ٱلْحَسَنَةِ

     udʕu ʔilā sabīli rabbika bi-l-ḥikmati wal-mawʕiẓati l-ḥasanati

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

2. knowledge
3. (obsolete) medical art
4. philosophy
5. justice, equity
6. reason
7. secret decree of God
8. prophecy
9. the Qur'an
10. (modern) the Gospel

Declension

Descendants

• → Persian: حکمت (hekmet)
  • → Azerbaijani: hikmət
  • → Ottoman Turkish: حكمت (hikmet)
    • Turkish: hikmet
  • → Hindustani:
    • Hindi: हिकमत (hikmat)
    • Urdu: حکمت (hikmat)
  • → Malay: hikmat
    • Indonesian: hikmat
    • → Tagalog: hikmat
• → Uyghur: ھېكمەت (hëkmet)
• → Uzbek: hikmat
• → Swahili: hekima

References

• Ahrens, Karl (1930) “Christliches im Qoran. Eine Nachlese”, in Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft‎ (in German), volume 84, page 27

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ħa.ka.ma/

Noun

حَكَمَة • (ḥakama) f (plural حَكَمَات (ḥakamāt))

1. bridle, bit
   • a. 609, Zuhayr, إنّ الخليطَ أجدَّ البينَ فانفرقا:

     القَائِدَ الْخَيْلَ مَنْكُوبًا دَوَابِرُهَا قَدِّ أُحْكِمَتْ حَكَمَاتِ الْقِدِّ والأبَقا

     al-qāʔida l-ḵayla mankūban dawābiru-hā qaddi ʔuḥkimat ḥakamāti l-qiddi wa-l-ʔabaqā

     Leader of a horse of veering hind legs, fastened by bridles of leather strips and banana fibres.

2. power, rank, station, position

Declension