حلقوس
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Arabic
Alternative forms
Etymology
From Ancient Greek χαλκός (khalkós, “copper”). The cosmetic and the art of its application are vulgarly claimed to be of Punic substrate. The word has probably been borrowed on two occasions regardless of it, the ر (r) form being a previous popular borrowing, wherefor the pigment and dipterans meaning are mostly if not exclusively with this consonantism, whereas the expected خ (ḵ) onset and rather literary ل (l) use are owed to the Graeco-Arabic translation movement grafting a learned borrowing upon the previously known word.
Pronunciation
Noun
حَلْقُوس • (ḥalqūs) m
- (obsolete) calcined copper
- Synonyms: نُحَاس مُحَرَّق (nuḥās muḥarraq), رُوسَخْتَج (rūsaḵtaj), رَاسُخْت (rāsuḵt)
- (current and frequent in Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia) a pigment for art on the human skin composed of henna, miswak, cloves, gallnut, incense, orpiment, ferrous oxide cooked together in a pot of clay or copper
- (obsolete, countable with plural حَرَاقِيص (ḥarāqīṣ)) a biting house fly (Stomoxys calcitrans)
- (obsolete, countable with plural حَرَاقِيص (ḥarāqīṣ)) a stone of a green unripe date
Declension
Declension of noun حَلْقُوس (ḥalqūs)
| Singular | basic singular triptote | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
| Informal | حَلْقُوس ḥalqūs |
الْحَلْقُوس al-ḥalqūs |
حَلْقُوس ḥalqūs |
| Nominative | حَلْقُوسٌ ḥalqūsun |
الْحَلْقُوسُ al-ḥalqūsu |
حَلْقُوسُ ḥalqūsu |
| Accusative | حَلْقُوسًا ḥalqūsan |
الْحَلْقُوسَ al-ḥalqūsa |
حَلْقُوسَ ḥalqūsa |
| Genitive | حَلْقُوسٍ ḥalqūsin |
الْحَلْقُوسِ al-ḥalqūsi |
حَلْقُوسِ ḥalqūsi |
Descendants
References
- Dozy, Reinhart Pieter Anne (1881) “حَرْقُوص”, in Supplément aux dictionnaires arabes (in French), volume 1, Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 274b
- Dozy, Reinhart Pieter Anne (1881) “حَلقُوس”, in Supplément aux dictionnaires arabes (in French), volume 1, Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 317b
- Freytag, Georg (1830) “حُرْقُوص”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum (in Latin), volume 1, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 370a
- Käs, Fabian (2010) Die Mineralien in der arabischen Pharmakognosie. Eine Konkordanz zur mineralischen Materia medica der klassischen arabischen Heilmittelkunde nebst überlieferungsgeschichtlichen Studien (Akademie der Wissenschaften und Literatur · Mainz · Veröffentlichungen der Orientalischen Kommission; 54) (in German), Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, →ISBN, pages 596–598
- Lane, Edward William (1863) “حُرْقُوص”, in Arabic-English Lexicon, London: Williams & Norgate, pages 552c–553a
- Ullmann, Manfred (1978) “Ḫālid ibn Yazīd und die Alchemie: Eine Legende”, in Der Islam (in German), volume 55, , pages 210–211