فلك

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See also: فلک

Arabic

Etymology 1

Belonging to the root ف ل ك (f-l-k).

Pronunciation

Noun

فَلَك • (falak) m (plural أَفْلَاك (ʔaflāk))

  1. orbit, rounded course
    • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 21:33:
      وَهُوَ ٱلَّذِي خَلَقَ ٱللَّيْلَ وَٱلنَّهَارَ وَٱلشَّمْسَ وَٱلْقَمَرَ كُلٌّ فِي فَلَكٍ يَسْبَحُونَ
      wahuwa llaḏī ḵalaqa l-layla wan-nahāra waš-šamsa wal-qamara kullun fī falakin yasbaḥūna
      And He is the One Who created the day and the night, the sun and the moon—each travelling in an orbit.
  2. sphere
  3. sky, outer space, universe, (figurative) heaven
  4. orb
  5. Ellipsis of عِلْم الْفَلَك (ʕilm al-falak, “astronomy”).
  6. (mythology) falak, ouroboros
Usage notes

This word is the ancient version of كون (which has been used in Arabic since the sixth century, unlike فلك which has been used since forever), it means roughly Heaven, but unlike English, the it isn’t limited to positive and divine worlds, as it can also describe the dwellings of demons and spirits. See also ذر (a spiritual universe in Islamic cosmogony, named as such because the offspring of Adam had come out of his back as if they were small ants).

Declension
Declension of noun فَلَك (falak)
Singular basic singular triptote
Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal فَلَك
falak 		الْفَلَك
al-falak 		فَلَك
falak
Nominative فَلَكٌ
falakun 		الْفَلَكُ
al-falaku 		فَلَكُ
falaku
Accusative فَلَكًا
falakan 		الْفَلَكَ
al-falaka 		فَلَكَ
falaka
Genitive فَلَكٍ
falakin 		الْفَلَكِ
al-falaki 		فَلَكِ
falaki
Dual Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal فَلَكَيْن
falakayn 		الْفَلَكَيْن
al-falakayn 		فَلَكَيْ
falakay
Nominative فَلَكَانِ
falakāni 		الْفَلَكَانِ
al-falakāni 		فَلَكَا
falakā
Accusative فَلَكَيْنِ
falakayni 		الْفَلَكَيْنِ
al-falakayni 		فَلَكَيْ
falakay
Genitive فَلَكَيْنِ
falakayni 		الْفَلَكَيْنِ
al-falakayni 		فَلَكَيْ
falakay
Plural basic broken plural triptote
Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal أَفْلَاك
ʔaflāk 		الْأَفْلَاك
al-ʔaflāk 		أَفْلَاك
ʔaflāk
Nominative أَفْلَاكٌ
ʔaflākun 		الْأَفْلَاكُ
al-ʔaflāku 		أَفْلَاكُ
ʔaflāku
Accusative أَفْلَاكًا
ʔaflākan 		الْأَفْلَاكَ
al-ʔaflāka 		أَفْلَاكَ
ʔaflāka
Genitive أَفْلَاكٍ
ʔaflākin 		الْأَفْلَاكِ
al-ʔaflāki 		أَفْلَاكِ
ʔaflāki
Derived terms
Descendants

References

  • Leslau, Wolf (1991) Comparative Dictionary of Geʿez (Classical Ethiopic), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, →ISBN, page 159

Etymology 2

Belonging to the root ف ل ك (f-l-k). Perhaps, however, unrelated to etymology 1 and instead from Ancient Greek ἐφόλκιον (ephólkion).

Pronunciation

Noun

فُلْك • (fulk) m or f (plural فُلْك (fulk))

  1. (nautical) ship
    Synonym: سَفِينَة (safīna)
    • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 17:66:
      رَبُّكُمُ الَّذِي يُزْجِي لَكُمُ الْفُلْكَ فِي الْبَحْرِ لِتَبْتَغُوا مِن فَضْلِهِ إِنَّهُ كَانَ بِكُمْ رَحِيمًا
      rabbukumu llaḏī yuzjī lakumu al-fulka fī l-baḥri litabtaḡū min faḍlihi ʔinnahu kāna bikum raḥīman
      (please add an English translation of this quotation)
Declension
Declension of noun فُلْك (fulk)
Singular basic singular triptote
Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal فُلْك
fulk 		الْفُلْك
al-fulk 		فُلْك
fulk
Nominative فُلْكٌ
fulkun 		الْفُلْكُ
al-fulku 		فُلْكُ
fulku
Accusative فُلْكًا
fulkan 		الْفُلْكَ
al-fulka 		فُلْكَ
fulka
Genitive فُلْكٍ
fulkin 		الْفُلْكِ
al-fulki 		فُلْكِ
fulki
Dual Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal فُلْكَيْن
fulkayn 		الْفُلْكَيْن
al-fulkayn 		فُلْكَيْ
fulkay
Nominative فُلْكَانِ
fulkāni 		الْفُلْكَانِ
al-fulkāni 		فُلْكَا
fulkā
Accusative فُلْكَيْنِ
fulkayni 		الْفُلْكَيْنِ
al-fulkayni 		فُلْكَيْ
fulkay
Genitive فُلْكَيْنِ
fulkayni 		الْفُلْكَيْنِ
al-fulkayni 		فُلْكَيْ
fulkay
Plural basic broken plural triptote
Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal فُلْك
fulk 		الْفُلْك
al-fulk 		فُلْك
fulk
Nominative فُلْكٌ
fulkun 		الْفُلْكُ
al-fulku 		فُلْكُ
fulku
Accusative فُلْكًا
fulkan 		الْفُلْكَ
al-fulka 		فُلْكَ
fulka
Genitive فُلْكٍ
fulkin 		الْفُلْكِ
al-fulki 		فُلْكِ
fulki
Descendants
  • → Swahili: falka (perhaps)

References

  • Fraenkel, Siegmund (1886) Die aramäischen Fremdwörter im Arabischen (in German), Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 212
  • Jeffery, Arthur (1938) The Foreign Vocabulary of the Qurʾān (Gaekwad’s Oriental Series; 79), Baroda: Oriental Institute, pages 229-230
  • Vollers, Karl (1897) “Beiträge zur Kenntniss der lebenden arabischen Sprache in Aegypten”, in Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft‎ (in German), volume 51, page 300
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